{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T08:07:36Z","timestamp":1772611656716,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many non\u2013small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors present complex histology with various components. The effects of the lepidic growth component (LGC) on the prognosis of NSCLC have not been investigated. Here, we investigated whether an LGC is a relevant prognostic factor for NSCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study retrospectively investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of 379 patients with NSCLC \u22643\u2009cm who underwent complete surgical resection between 2004 and 2016 at the University of Yamanashi Hospital. The histologic subtypes were classified into NSCLC with or without an LGC. We evaluated the effect of an LGC on the clinicopathologic features and 5\u2010year overall survival of patients with NSCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>On final pathology, 214 (56%) of 379 patients had an LGC, and 165 (44%) did not. Sex, smoking history, ground\u2010glass opacity component, pathologic invasive size, lymph node metastasis, pleural invasion, vessel invasion, pathologic stage, and histologic type were significantly different between the groups. Multivariate analysis of 5\u2010year overall survival, identified age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.035\u20131.105; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), pathologic invasive size (HR, 1.548; 95% CI, 1.088\u20132.202; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015) and LGC (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.099\u20134.051; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.025) as independent prognostic factors. When the pathologic invasive size was matched, the 5\u2010year overall survival of the LGC and non\u2010LGC groups was 93% and 77%, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>LGC is a significantly favorable prognostic factor for NSCLC with a pathologic invasive size of \u22643\u2009cm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T09:26:52Z","timestamp":1665480412000},"page":"3274-3283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lepidic growth component as a favorable prognostic factor in non\u2013small cell lung cancer of \u22643\u2009cm"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4446-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Nihon University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirochika","family":"Matsubara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyasu","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kofu Hospital  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harunobu","family":"Sasanuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Sugimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Onuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5462-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery University of Yamanashi  Yamanashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ETM.2017.5140"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(02)03895-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2003.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.01.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2019.1951"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821038ab"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5002(01)00185-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0b013e3181fbaa64"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2017.11.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e318206a221"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2018.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.15.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-020-00875-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/RADIOLOGY.200.2.8685321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2011.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumors Editorial Board. 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