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Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is extremely rare, and its prognosis is poor. A diagnosis is usually established after other primary lung malignancies or metastatic extrathoracic sarcomas have been excluded. Therefore, it is often misdiagnosed. In this study, we report the case of a 38\u2010year\u2010old woman who was misdiagnosed as having pleural mesothelioma and finally endured surgery to remove the tumor. The tumor showed SYT\u2010SSX fusion transcripts and was diagnosed as PPSS after combining histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Finally, we determined some biomarkers through whole\u2010exome sequencing (WES) to improve the diagnosis and treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T02:55:42Z","timestamp":1682304942000},"page":"1520-1529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Whole\u2010exome sequencing in primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma misdiagnosed as mesothelioma: A case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4640-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lung Cancer Surgery Tianjin Medical University General Hospital  Tianjin People's Republic of 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People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237678"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.5169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07357907.2021.2001484"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"3789","article-title":"Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma: a case report","volume":"11","author":"Liu J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp 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