{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:10:22Z","timestamp":1792289422570,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The in vitro stability assessment is essential for investigating the diagnostic accuracy of pleural biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the long\u2010term stability of pleural fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) at \u221280\u00b0C to \u221270\u00b0C. In addition, we analyzed the effects of frozen storage on the diagnostic accuracy of CEA for malignant pleural effusion (MPE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pleural fluid CEA of participants in two prospective cohorts were stored at \u221280\u00b0C to \u221270\u00b0C for 1\u20133\u2009years. The CEA level in the stored specimen was measured with an immunoassay, and its level in the fresh specimen was extracted from medical records. The Bland\u2013Altman method, Passing\u2010Bablok regression, and Deming regression were used to analyze the agreement of CEA between the fresh and frozen pleural fluid. In addition, we used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CEA in the fresh and frozen specimens for MPE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 210 participants were enrolled. The median CEA levels in frozen and fresh pleural fluid specimens were similar (frozen, 2.32\u2009ng\/mL; fresh, 2.59\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The slopes and intercepts in the Passing\u2010Bablok regression (intercept 0.01, slope 1.04) and Deming regression (intercept 0.65; slope 1.00) were not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05 for all). No significant difference was observed between the area under the ROC curves of CEA in the fresh and frozen specimens (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05 for all).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pleural fluid CEA is seemingly stable when stored at \u201380\u00b0C to \u221270\u00b0C for 1\u20133\u2009years. Frozen storage does not significantly affect the diagnostic accuracy of CEA for MPE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T15:40:42Z","timestamp":1686757242000},"page":"2077-2084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Long\u2010term stability of pleural fluid carcinoembryonic antigen and its effect on the diagnostic accuracy for malignant pleural effusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Dan\u2010Ni","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University  Hohhot China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomarkers Inner Mongolia Medical University  Hohhot 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