{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:47:04Z","timestamp":1774486024591,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"32","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81902414"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902414"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013317","name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020ZDLSF03\u201004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020ZDLSF03\u201004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013317","name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S2022\u2010YF\u2010YBSF\u20100438"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2022\u2010YF\u2010YBSF\u20100438"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pulmonary polymorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare and poorly differentiated form of non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for just approximately 0.1% to 0.4% of all NSCLC cases. Historically, the conventional treatments for PPC have been linked to a grim prognosis. However, with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including PD\u20101 inhibitors, for the management of NSCLC, our center has witnessed encouraging outcomes in two PPC patients who underwent PD\u20101 inhibitor therapy. The first patient was a 70\u2010year\u2010old male who initially came to our attention after the discovery of a lung mass during a routine physical examination. A lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of PPC, and further complications included brain metastasis. Surgical intervention was conducted for the brain metastases, while PD\u20101 inhibitor therapy was employed for the lung tumors. The second patient was a 60\u2010year\u2010old male who was admitted with a history of persistent coughing and hemoptysis, which led to the diagnosis of a left lung tumor. Subsequent postoperative pathology revealed pulmonary adenocarcinoma coexisting with PPC. However, 2\u2009months later, distant metastases were detected during a follow\u2010up examination. The patient encountered difficulty in tolerating the adverse effects of chemotherapy, prompting the initiation of PD\u20101 inhibitor treatment. Notably, both patients underwent one cycle of PD\u20101 inhibitor therapy without encountering significant adverse reactions, and their responses proved to be promising during re\u2010examinations. These findings suggest that surgery combined with immunotherapy PD\u20101 inhibitor therapy may represent an effective approach for the treatment of PPC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T03:59:00Z","timestamp":1696219140000},"page":"3240-3244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma treated with <scp>PD<\/scp>\u20101 inhibitor: Two case reports"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong 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diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary Sarcomatoid carcinoma","volume":"21","author":"Liu L","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Approaches to tumor classification in pulmonary Sarcomatoid carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Baldovini C","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lung Cancer 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