{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T10:28:58Z","timestamp":1780050538280,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"35","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amrubicin (AMR) regimens have shown efficacy as second\u2010line treatment in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC); however, adverse events such as febrile neutropenia (FN) sometimes preclude their use. Further, the safety and efficacy of AMR with primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim (P\u2010PEG) have not been sufficiently evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of AMR with or without P\u2010PEG as second\u2010line chemotherapy for SCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed patients with SCLC who received AMR as second\u2010line chemotherapy at Shizuoka Cancer Center, between December 2014 and November 2021. Based on presence\/absence of P\u2010PEG in their regimen, patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) were divided into P\u2010PEG (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921) and non\u2010P\u2010PEG groups, and their clinical outcomes were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median of AMR treatment cycles was five (range: 1\u201339\u2009cycles) in P\u2010PEG group and four (range: 1\u201315\u2009cycles) in non\u2010P\u2010PEG group. The incidence of FN (4.8% vs. 30.8%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) and AMR dose reduction because of adverse events (4.8% vs. 25.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08) were lower in the P\u2010PEG group than in the non\u2010P\u2010PEG group. The objective response rates were 52.4% and 30.8%, and median progression\u2010free and overall survival were 4.7 and 3.0\u2009months, and 9.6 and 6.8\u2009months, in the P\u2010PEG and non\u2010P\u2010PEG groups, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AMR with P\u2010PEG as second\u2010line chemotherapy for SCLC reduced the incidence of FN at a maintained AMR dose intensity and was associated with favorable tumor responses and survival outcomes. P\u2010PEG should be considered for patients treated with AMR for SCLC including refractory relapsed SCLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T09:23:48Z","timestamp":1698139428000},"page":"3475-3482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Safety and efficacy of amrubicin with primary prophylactic pegfilgrastim as second\u2010line chemotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5637-5199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motoki","family":"Sekikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Oncology Shizuoka Cancer Center  Shizuoka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine  Sapporo 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