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Currently, new treatment approaches have been extensively evaluated in investigational studies for these patients to tackle this difficult problem; however, the lack of consistency in clinical definition, uniform criteria for enrollment in clinical trials, and interpretation of results remain significant hurdles to progress. Thus, our expert panel comprehensively synthesized data from current studies to propose a practical clinical definition of secondary resistance to immunotherapy in NSCLC in metastatic and neoadjuvant settings. In addition to patients who received IO alone (including IO\u2010IO combinations), we also generated a definition for patients treated with chemotherapy plus IO. This consensus aimed to provide guidance for clinical trial design and facilitate future discussions with investigators. It should be noted that additional updates in this consensus are required when new data is available.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T23:25:01Z","timestamp":1700004301000},"page":"3421-3429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical definition of secondary resistance to immunotherapy in non\u2010small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2798-9459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dingzhi","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital  Tianjin People's Republic of 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