{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:13:25Z","timestamp":1792696405810,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004480","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202103021224383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103021224383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004480","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (TBL) is one of the main cancer health problems worldwide, but data on the burden and trends of early\u2010onset tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (EO\u2010TBL) are sparse. The aim of the present study was to provide the latest and the most comprehensive burden estimates of the EO\u2010TBL cancer from 1990 to 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, we used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in EO\u2010TBL cancer from 1990 to 2019. Evaluation metrics included incidence, mortality, and disability\u2010adjusted life years (DALYs). The joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trends. Decomposition analysis was employed to analyze the driving factors for EO\u2010TBL cancer burden alterations. Bayesian age\u2010period\u2010cohort (BAPC) analysis was used to estimate trends in the next 20\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global age\u2010standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age\u2010standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age\u2010standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) for EO\u2010TBL cancer decreased significantly from 3.95 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 3.70\u20134.24), 3.41 (95% UI: 3.19\u20133.67), 158.68 (95% UI: 148.04\u2013170.92) in 1990 to 2.82 (95% UI: 2.54\u20133.09), 2.28 (95% UI: 2.07\u20132.49), 106.47 (95% UI: 96.83\u2013116.51) in 2019 with average annual percent change (AAPC) of \u22121.14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22121.32 to \u22120.95), \u22121.37% (95% CI: \u22121.55 to \u22121.18), and\u2009\u2212\u20091.35% (95% CI: \u22121.54 to \u22121.15) separately. The high and high\u2010middle sociodemographic index (SDI) region had a higher burden of EO\u2010TBL cancer but demonstrated a downward trend. The most prominent and significant upward trends were Southeast and South Asia, Africa, and women in the low SDI and low\u2010middle SDI quintiles. At the regional and national level, there were significant positive correlations between ASDR, ASIR, ASMR, and SDI. Decomposition analysis showed that population growth and aging have driven the increase in the number of incidence, mortality, and DALYs in the global population, especially among the middle SDI quintile and the East Asia region. The BAPC results showed that ASDR, ASIR, and ASMR in women would increase but the male population remained relatively flat over the next 20\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although global efforts have been the most successful and effective in reducing the burden of EO\u2010TBL cancer over the past three decades, there was strong regional and gender heterogeneity. EO\u2010TBL cancer need more medical attention in the lower SDI quintiles and in the female population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T02:59:38Z","timestamp":1706842778000},"page":"601-613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Global, regional, and national burden and trends of early\u2010onset tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer from 1990 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital  Taiyuan China"},{"name":"Fifth Clinical Medical College Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan People's Republic of 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