{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:58:34Z","timestamp":1791899914652,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The causal relationship between breast cancer (BC) and the oral microbiome remains unclear. In this case\u2013control study, using two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR), we thoroughly explored the relationship between the oral microbiome and BC in the East Asian population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic summary data related to oral microbiota and BC were collected from genome\u2010wide association studies involving participants of East Asian descent. MR estimates were generated by conducting various analyses. Sequencing data from a case\u2013control study were used to verify the validity of these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MR analysis revealed that 30 tongue and 37 salivary bacterial species were significantly associated with BC. Interestingly, in both tongue and salivary microbiomes, we observed the causal effect of six genera, namely, <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Haemophilus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Oribacterium<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Solobacterium<\/jats:italic>, on BC. Our case\u2013control study findings suggest differences in specific bacteria between patients with BC and healthy controls. Moreover, sequencing data confirmed the MR analysis results, demonstrating that compared with the healthy control group, the BC group had a higher relative abundance of <jats:italic>Pasteurellaceae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcaceae<\/jats:italic> but a lower relative abundance of <jats:italic>Bacteroidaceae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our MR analysis suggests that the oral microbiome exerts a causative effect on BC risk, supported by the sequencing data of a case\u2013control study. In the future, studies should be undertaken to comprehensively understand the complex interaction mechanisms between the oral microbiota and BC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T01:44:46Z","timestamp":1710467086000},"page":"974-986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association between oral microbiome and breast cancer in the east <scp>Asian<\/scp> population: A <scp>Mendelian<\/scp> randomization and case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5556-8483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kexin","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgical Oncology National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking 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