{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:02:51Z","timestamp":1773792171767,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to compare long\u2010term clinical outcomes of percutaneous needle biopsy (PCNB) versus surgical biopsy in patients with peripheral, small\u2010sized clinical stage 1 non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with computed tomography (CT)\u2010defined visceral pleural invasion (VPI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent surgery for NSCLC with CT\u2010defined VPI between 2010 and 2017. We excluded patients with non\u2010peripheral NSCLC, or cancers &gt;\u20093\u2009cm. Propensity score matching was carried out to adjust for confounding variables. The primary endpoint was ipsilateral pleural recurrence\u2010free survival, while secondary endpoints included overall survival and recurrence\u2010free survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1671 patients with peripheral, small\u2010sized clinical stage 1 NSCLC with CT\u2010defined VPI, 805 underwent PCNB, and 866 had a surgical biopsy. Propensity score matching assigned 562 patients to each group. Before matching, the PCNB group demonstrated worse baseline characteristics, including older age, higher smoking history, and more adverse pathological findings. After matching, the 5\u2010year recurrence\u2010free survival for ipsilateral pleural recurrence (98.6% vs. 96.0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002) and overall survival (93.8% vs. 90.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003) were significantly higher in the surgical biopsy group compared with the PCNB group. Multivariable analysis revealed that PCNB significantly increased the risks of all\u2010cause mortality and various recurrences before and after matching.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with surgery biopsy, PCNB was associated with higher risks of all\u2010cause mortality and recurrences, including ipsilateral pleural recurrence. PCNB should be considered with caution in cases of peripheral stage 1 NSCLC where CT\u2010defined VPI is suspected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.15491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T04:05:36Z","timestamp":1731989136000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparing Needle and Surgical Biopsy in Small Peripheral Non\u2010Small Cell Lung Cancer With Suspected Pleural Invasion: A Propensity Score\u2010Matched Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sangil","family":"Yun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of 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Hyun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9006-4881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Tae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4158-9790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwon Joong","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2022.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Non\u2010Small Cell Lung Cancer (Version 5.2024)","author":"National Comprehensive Cancer 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