{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:42:32Z","timestamp":1787013752216,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8237100607"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8237100607"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L258034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L258034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L256026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L256026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immunotherapy has transformed the therapeutic landscape of breast cancer. Nevertheless, an exhaustive overview of the treatment\u2010related adverse events (TRAEs) and immune\u2010related adverse events (irAEs) spectrum of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)\u2010based combination therapies remains lacking. We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta\u2010analysis comparing chemotherapy, antibody\u2013drug conjugate (ADC) therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, and dual therapy combined with ICIs. The primary outcomes were overall incidence rates and profiles for all\u2010grade and grade 3 or higher TRAEs and irAEs according to random effects models. We identified 8236 records, 100 of which (9192 patients) met the inclusion criteria. For grade \u2265\u20093 TRAEs, the ICI\u2010based chemotherapy and ICI\u2010based ADC regimens demonstrated equivalent incidence rates, marginally exceeding those observed in the ICI\u2010based targeted therapy group. Analysis of irAEs revealed that ICI\u2010based chemotherapy combinations had a significantly lower incidence than other dual\u2010agent regimens did. In triplet regimens that combined ICIs with chemotherapy plus additional immunotherapy, irAEs rates remained nearly comparable to those of dual therapies. Among the therapeutic regimens analyzed, ICIs combined with multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (mTKIs) presented the highest incidence rates of both all\u2010grade and grade \u2265\u20093 irAEs. Conversely, combination regimens of ICIs with poly ADP\u2013ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors or HER2\u2010targeted monotherapy demonstrated markedly lower risks of irAEs. Our study provides comprehensive data on the TRAEs and irAEs associated with ICI\u2010based combination therapies. These results offer direct and practical references for clinicians to evaluate toxicity profiles and optimize treatment decisions in routine breast cancer care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.70210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T14:56:11Z","timestamp":1770130571000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Treatment\u2010Related and Immune\u2010Related Adverse Events Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor\u2010Based Combination Therapies for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yunwei","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Center Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Center Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Center Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Center Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8651-4795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Center Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21863"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-02108-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01029-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00573-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41523-023-00508-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2023.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0064"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19970-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.928369"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08997-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2023-0023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03591-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2024.3456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-024-03396-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"CRD42024588977","volume-title":"Treatment\u2010Related Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor\u2010Based Combination Therapies in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","author":"Lu Y.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31953-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910549"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2019.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01469-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq421"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1215397109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-2182"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00524-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-6020-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2019.5367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35313"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13588"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102243"}],"container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1759-7714.70210","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1759-7714.70210","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1759-7714.70210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:17:57Z","timestamp":1770956277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1759-7714.70210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1759-7714.70210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1759-7714.70210","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-7706","1759-7714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-7706","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-7714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70210"}}