{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:57:41Z","timestamp":1790661461233,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tarlatamab, a delta\u2010like ligand 3\u2010targeted bispecific T\u2010cell engager, has shown activity in previously treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC); however, real\u2010world data on cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell\u2010associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) remain limited. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tarlatamab and laboratory findings associated with CRS in patients previously treated for extensive\u2010stage SCLC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients who received tarlatamab through an expanded access program between October 2024 and May 2026. Repeated laboratory measurements were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and mixed\u2010effects models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective response and disease control rates were 54.5% and 72.7%, respectively. The mean and median tumor size changes from baseline were \u22129.1% and \u221225.0%, respectively. The median progression\u2010free survival and overall survival were 3.8\u2009months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9\u2013not reached) and 10.1\u2009months (95% CI: 4.5\u2013not reached), respectively. CRS occurred in seven patients (63.6%), with 10 events, all occurring during the first cycle and limited to Grade 1 or 2. No CRS event required tocilizumab treatment, intensive care unit admission, dose reduction, or treatment discontinuation. One patient developed Grade 3 ICANS and recovered fully. CRS events were associated with higher neutrophil percentages, lower lymphocyte percentages, and higher neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratios than no\u2010CRS events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tarlatamab shows encouraging antitumor activity and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated Korean patients with SCLC. The neutrophil\u2010to\u2010lymphocyte ratio may represent an exploratory, concurrent hematologic correlate of CRS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.70389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T03:04:57Z","timestamp":1789959897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Safety Signals of\n                    <scp>CRS<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>ICANS<\/scp>\n                    With Tarlatamab in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights From a Small Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6536-9763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juwhan","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Guro Hospital Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8125-8240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seunghun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Guro Hospital Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8693-5792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Yong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Korea University Guro Hospital Korea University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15164016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1809064"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2025.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107465"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-019-00441-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2020.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.02823"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307980"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.35738"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol32050261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01464-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502099"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-025-06467-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"3573","article-title":"Stress, 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