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However, the stochastic nature of Monte Carlo is aggravated in transient rendering, since samples are now spread along the temporal domain. In our work, we propose to denoise transient Monte Carlo renders by exploiting the spatio\u2010temporal correlation of transient light transport, extending a recent statistical denoising formulation. By relying on statistics, we achieve a near\u2010optimal tradeoff between reduced variance and introduced bias. We efficiently collect per\u2010time\u2010bin statistics in the temporal domain while avoiding impractical memory requirements, and use these collected statistics to analyze the spatio\u2010temporal correlation and discriminate which time bins should be combined. Our statistics\u2010based transient denoiser does not hallucinate, guarantees convergence of the result, is efficient, does not require any training and naturally handles participating media. We believe that the generality of our method might pave the way for denoising time\u2010resolved Monte Carlo simulations in other domains, such as non\u2010line\u2010of\u2010sight imaging, acoustic rendering, or absorption microscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.70321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T15:09:59Z","timestamp":1776784199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Statistical Denoising of Transient Rendering"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9959-1155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Pueyo\u2010Ciutad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Zaragoza \u2010 I3A  Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5567-5086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alvaro","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Zaragoza \u2010 I3A  Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7503-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Zaragoza \u2010 I3A  Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/2557605","article-title":"Refractive radiative transfer equation","volume":"33","author":"Ament M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"ACM Trans. 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