{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:46:57Z","timestamp":1787014017175,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computer Graphics Forum"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although variable\u2010rate compressed image formats such as JPEG are widely used to efficiently encode images, they have not found their way into real\u2010time rendering due to special requirements such as random access to individual texels. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of variable\u2010rate texture compression on modern GPUs using the JPEG format, and how it compares to the GPU\u2010friendly fixed\u2010rate compression approaches BC1 and ASTC. Using a deferred rendering pipeline, we are able to identify the subset of blocks that are needed for a given frame, decode these, and colorize the framebuffer's pixels. Despite the additional \u223c0.17 bit per pixel that we require for our approach, JPEG maintains significantly better quality and compression rates compared to BC1, and depending on the type of image, outperforms or competes with ASTC. The JPEG rendering pipeline increases rendering duration by less than 0.3 ms on an NVIDIA RTX 4090, demonstrating that sophisticated variable\u2010rate compression schemes are feasible on modern GPUs, even in VR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Source code and data sets are available at:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/elias1518693\/jpeg_textures\">https:\/\/github.com\/elias1518693\/jpeg_textures<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.70338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T08:50:34Z","timestamp":1777107034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Variable\u2010Rate Texture Compression: Real\u2010Time Rendering with JPEG"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0981-7641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"Kristmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing &amp; Human\u2010Centered Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-2663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Wimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing &amp; Human\u2010Centered Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8166-3089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TU Wien Institute of Visual Computing &amp; Human\u2010Centered Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","unstructured":"Akenine-M\u00f6ller Tomas Ebelin Pontus Pharr Matt andWronski Bartlomiej. \u201cCollaborative Texture Filtering\u201d.High-Performance Graphics - Symposium Papers(2025). doi:10.2312\/HPG.20251174."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_3","unstructured":"url:https:\/\/diglib.eg.org\/handle\/10.2312\/hpg202511746."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"FLIP: A Difference Evaluator for Alternating Images","volume":"3","author":"Andersson Pontus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. 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