{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:17:15Z","timestamp":1777861035199,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The impact of rapid urbanisation, industrialisation, lack of awareness and lifestyle changes has resulted in an increase in the prevalence of diabetes and its complications such as diabetic macular edema (DME). It is the most common cause of blindness, characterised by an abnormal rise in the level of fluid in the macula. It affects the keenest vision in severe cases. In this paper, we propose an automatic grading of DME to help ophthalmologists diagnose the condition timely and early. The proposed system consists of an ensemble deep neural network using a residual convolution block followed by global average pooling and a dense layer. The proposed ensemble model consists of two models, namely model 1 and model 2. The proposed model has been evaluated on the publicly available benchmark ISBI IDRiD dataset. Our proposed model outperforms its competitive models in the IDRiD competition with an accuracy of 0.94. Moreover, it achieves a ROC\u2010AUC of 0.98. Gradient\u2010weighted Class Activation Mapping is also constructed to ensure that our proposed model is accurate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/exsy.70237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T07:16:57Z","timestamp":1773991017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automatic Grading of Diabetic Macular Edema Using Ensembled Dual Path\n                    <scp>EfficientNet<\/scp>\n                    With Augmentation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Shree","family":"Prakash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology  Chennai India"}]},{"given":"Jagadeesh","family":"Kakarla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing  Kancheepuram India"}]},{"given":"Bala Venkateswarlu","family":"Isunuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM University AP  Amaravati India"}]},{"given":"Ishwar K.","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Oakland University  Oakland Michigan USA"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.7364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12735"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2037146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2024.109782"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beijbom O. 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