{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T16:11:00Z","timestamp":1764173460133},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,12]],"date-time":"2008-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1210550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4849,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropathology Appl Neurobio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are now considered to be important events in the cause of dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is not known whether these biochemical abnormalities represent primary causes of PD or whether they are the end result of a series of reactions precipitated by environmental and genetic factors. Both oxidative damage and complex 1 deficiency are linked in a reciprocal manner and can potentially produce a toxic cellular environment capable of attacking a variety of biomolecules as well as inhibiting energy production. Defining the roles that these two biochemical defects play in nigral neuronal loss will provide important insights into the aetiology of PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,12]],"date-time":"2008-05-12T09:48:45Z","timestamp":1210585725000},"page":"3-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A. H. V.","family":"Schapira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1975.00490440064010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90537-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00966660"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(73)90175-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870080202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.14.4546"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320615"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2258"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09789.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"CohenG..The pathobiology of oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease: biochemical aspects of dopamine neuron senescence.J Neural Transm1983; (suppl. 19):89\u2013103."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","unstructured":"CooperJM DanielSE MarsdenCD.SchapiraAHV.l\u2010dopa and complex I deficiency in Parkinson's disease brain.Movement Disord1994; in press."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)91361-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09133.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb08814.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320716"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320420"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2262"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"67","article-title":"Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and l\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenyl\u2010l,2,3,6\u2010tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)\u2010induced parkinsonism","volume":"2","author":"Di Monte D.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(87)81200-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410320616"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/114.5.2283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.5.388"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"633","article-title":"Oxidative pathways for catecholamines in the genesis of neuromelanin and cytotoxic quinones","volume":"14","author":"Graham DG","year":"1978","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90113-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)90341-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)90498-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.9.1194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1983.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/334345a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.7.2173"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1991.tb05013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870050302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(85)90078-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6823561"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870070203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04973.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.2.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)80118-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360612"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870060303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.2.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240415"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870070105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490260405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2020097"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(85)90146-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870080305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(82)90390-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12834.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(86)90320-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-05-01658.1992","article-title":"Transgenic mice with increased Cu\/Zn\u2010superoxide dismutase activity are resistant to N\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenyl 1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine\u2010induced neurotoxicity","volume":"12","author":"Pnedborski S.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340515"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","first-page":"295","article-title":"Early onset Parkinson's disease and childhood environment","volume":"45","author":"Rajput AH","year":"1986","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(86)90037-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb11409.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1989.tb09150.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1989.tb11759.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(84)90614-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92366-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb02325.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1990.tb05809.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870050406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91196-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.7.883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1800129"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_2","first-page":"451","article-title":"Myopathy in vitamin E deficient rats: muscle fibre necrosis associated with disturbances of mitochondrial function","volume":"183","author":"Thomas PK","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1989.tb01782.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870080102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)46227-2","article-title":"The oxidative inactivation of mitochondrial electron transport chain components and ATP","volume":"265","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T01:44:44Z","timestamp":1698371084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1995.tb01022.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1846","1365-2990"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1846","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2990","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}}}