{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:45:15Z","timestamp":1774399515914,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,29]],"date-time":"2006-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7759,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>When human peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated with <jats:sup>51<\/jats:sup>Cr\u2010labelled tissue culture cells (T24 bladder carcinoma cells or Chang liver cells), their natural cytotoxicity (NK) usually stopped after 8h of incubation. The <jats:sup>51<\/jats:sup>Cr release induced by lymphocytes treated with small amounts of live or ultraviolet\u2010inactivated mumps virus was strongly enhanced and lasted longer. When the lymphocytes were fractionated by Percoll gradient centrifugation, the highest NK activity was found in the low\u2010density fraction enriched in large granular lymphocytes, whereas that of the T\u2010cell\u2010enriched high\u2010density fractions was low. In contrast. the virus\u2010dependent cellular cytotoxic (VDCC) activity was more evenly distributed between these fractions. However, there was a difference between the target cells in that the T24 cells were more susceptible to the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes in the high\u2010density fractions than the Chang cells. Studies of Percoll fractions in the single\u2010cell agarose assay showed that virus treatment increased the proportion of both target binding cells and killer cells in all fractions. Moreover, in the high\u2010density fractions the increase in the number of killer cells was greater than that in binding cells, suggesting that the enhanced target cell killing induced by the virions reflected both increased binding and effector cell activation. Surface marker analysis of unfractionated lymphocytes indicated that the number of T3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector cells was greater than that of the HNK\u20101<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector cells, regardless of whether the lymphocytes were treated with virus or not. However, for both NK and VDCC, the T3 to HNK\u20101 distribution ratio on the effector cells was 5\u20138:1 for T24 and 2:1 for Chang. Taken together, the results indicate that both NK and VDCC effector cells are phenotypically heterogeneous and that the target cells may play an active role in the recruitment of those effector cells that are most efficient in that system. The enhancement of lymphocyte cytotoxicity primarily reflects effector cell recruitment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1985.tb01438.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]],"date-time":"2006-06-30T17:40:01Z","timestamp":1151689201000},"page":"329-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Virus\u2010Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A.\u2010R.","family":"ALSHEIKHLY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"ANDERSSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"PERLMANN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.129.4.1752","article-title":"Characterization of HNK.\u20101+ (Leu\u20107) human lymphocytes. 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