{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T09:13:44Z","timestamp":1777108424935,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6593,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) to conscious mice induced allodynia, a state of discomfort and pain evoked by innocuous tactile stimuli, and hyperalgesia as assessed by the hot plate test. We characterized prostaglandin E receptor subtypes (EP<jats:sub>1\u20133<\/jats:sub>) involved in these sensory disorders by use of 7 synthetic prostanoid analogues.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Sulprostone (EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> &lt; EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) induced allodynia over a wide range of dosages from 50 pg to 5 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. The maximal allodynic effect was observed at 5 min after i.t. injection, and the response gradually decreased over the experimental period of 50 min. This sulprostone\u2010induced allodynia showed a time course similar to that induced by PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>17\u2010Phenyl\u2010\u03c9\u2010trinor PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> &gt; EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) and 16,16\u2010dimethyl PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> = EP<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> = EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) were as potent as PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in inducing allodynia, and more potent than sulprostone. Butaprost (EP<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), 11\u2010deoxy PGE<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (EP<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> = EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), MB 28767 (EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>), and cicaprost (prostaglandin I<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (IP\u2010) receptor) induced allodynia, but with much lower scores. 13,14\u2010Dihydro\u201015\u2010keto PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, a metabolite of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, did not induce allodynia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>16,16\u2010Dimethyl PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> as well as PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> induced hyperalgesia over a wide range of dosages (16,16\u2010dimethyl PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>: 5 pg\u20130.5 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>: 50 pg\u20130.5 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) with two apparent peaks at 0.5 ng kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 0.5 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Sulprostone (EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> &lt; EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) and 17\u2010phenyl\u2010\u03c9\u2010trinor PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> &gt; EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) showed a bell\u2010shaped hyperalgesia at lower doses of 5 pg\u20135 ng kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 50 pg\u201350 ng kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively. MB 28767 (EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) showed a monophasic hyperalgesic action over a wide range of dosages at 50 pg\u20135 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Butaprost (EP<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) induced hyperalgesia at doses higher than 50 ng kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These results demonstrate that PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> may exert allodynia through the EP<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010receptor and hyperalgesia through EP<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010 and EP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010receptors in the mouse spinal cord.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13139.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T16:24:47Z","timestamp":1342715087000},"page":"735-740","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Characterization of EP\u2010receptor subtypes involved in allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin E<sub>2<\/sub> to mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Minami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Nishihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rumiko","family":"Uda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Hyodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Hayaishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-6980(85)90096-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"643","volume-title":"Comprehensive Medical Chemistry. 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