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This review compiles information on the content in breast milk and in foods that are important in the diets of low\u2010income countries from the few studies available. We also estimate the availability of fat and fatty acids in 13 low\u2010income and middle\u2010income countries based on national food balance sheets from the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database (FOASTAT). Breast milk docosahexaenoic acid content is very low in populations living mainly on a plant\u2010based diet, but higher in fish\u2010eating countries. Per capita supply of fat and n\u20103 fatty acids increases markedly with increasing gross domestic product (GDP). In most of the 13 countries, 70\u201380% of the supply of PUFA comes from cereals and vegetable oils, some of which have very low <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2010linolenic acid (ALA) content. The total n\u20103 fatty acid supply is below or close to the lower end of the recommended intake range [0.4%E (percentage of energy supply)] for infants and young children, and below the minimum recommended level (0.5%E) for pregnant and lactating women in the nine countries with the lowest GDP. Fish is important as a source of long\u2010chain n\u20103 fatty acids, but intake is low in many countries. The supply of n\u20103 fatty acids can be increased by using vegetable oils with higher ALA content (e.g. soybean or rapeseed oil) and by increasing fish production (e.g. through fish farming).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00302.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,5]],"date-time":"2011-03-05T18:52:11Z","timestamp":1299351131000},"page":"124-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Food sources and intake of n\u20106 and n\u20103 fatty acids in low\u2010income countries with emphasis on infants, young children (6\u201324 months), and pregnant and lactating women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kim F.","family":"Michaelsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kathryn G.","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana B.","family":"Perez\u2010Exposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mulia","family":"Nurhasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lotte","family":"Lauritzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nanna","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.1.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/52.2.326","article-title":"A carbohydrate\u2010rich diet not only leads to incorporation of medium\u2010chain fatty acids (6:0\u201314:0) in milk triglycerides but also in each milk\u2010phospholipid subclass","volume":"52","author":"van Beusekom C.","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(93)90013-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/53.5.1197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.6.1457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"CODEX(1981)Codex Stan 72 FAO\/WHO Food Standards Standards for Infant Formula and Formulas for Special Medical Purposes Intended for Infants.http:\/\/www.codexalimentarius.net\/web\/standard_list.do?lang=en"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Fish to 2020 Supply and Demand in Changing Global Market","author":"Delgado C.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0946-672X(99)80062-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO(2008)Interim Summary of Conclusions and Dietary Recommendations on Total Fat & Fatty Acids. 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