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The \u03b2\u2010globin genes are expressed exclusively in erythroid cells. High\u2010level expression of these genes is mediated by a locus control region (LCR), a powerful DNA regulatory element composed of several DNase I hypersensitive (HS) sites and located far upstream of the \u03b2\u2010globin genes. Here we show that RNA polymerase II and specific histone modifications that mark transcriptionally active chromatin domains are associated with the LCR core elements HS2 and HS3 in murine embryonic stem cells prior to differentiation along the erythroid lineage. At this stage HS3 is abundantly transcribed. After <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> differentiation, RNA Polymerase II can also be detected at the embryonic \u03b5\u2010 and adult \u03b2\u2010globin genes. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that activation of the \u03b2\u2010globin gene locus is initiated by protein complexes recruited to the LCR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.05107.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,17]],"date-time":"2006-01-17T19:16:12Z","timestamp":1137525372000},"page":"746-755","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Recruitment of transcription complexes to the \u03b2\u2010globin locus control region and transcription of hypersensitive site 3 prior to erythroid differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"Padraic P.","family":"Levings","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Karen F.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Valerie 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