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However, current research often relies on questionnaires and interviews that focus on specific communities or cities. This approach has limitations in covering a broader range of cities and does not support automated information extraction. To address these gaps, we propose an analytical framework that uses large language models (LLMs). First, we collect theme songs (pop music) and their associated comment data for 301 cities via NetEase Cloud Music, covering most prefecture\u2010level cities in China. Next, we develop LLM\u2010driven models, including a lyric similarity analysis model, a sentiment classification model, and a City DNA Extractor (focusing on landmarks, food, and cultural activities). In addition, we construct a city network to explore the relationships between cities. Finally, using these models and the constructed network, we analyze the sense of place both at a national scale and at the city level. Our study demonstrates the potential of music data and LLMs in sense\u2010of\u2010place research, revealing strong cultural identities and a deep sense of nostalgia among young people toward their hometowns, while offering a novel methodology and perspective for exploring this concept.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.70198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T07:55:07Z","timestamp":1770018907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mining the Sense of Place in Chinese Cities Through Pop Music and\n                    <scp>LLMs<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5229-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihua","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau  Macau SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6753-474X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shengyi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau  Macau SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peihao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication Communication University of China  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"AMap.2023.\u201cThe Code of Poi Classification.\u201dAccessed April 3 2025.https:\/\/lbs.amap.com\/api\/webservice\/download\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"Bai J. 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