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However, existing BE\u2010TCP studies remain fragmented in terms of measurement, built environment indicators, spatial scale and methodology selection, which restrict cross\u2010study comparability and policy generalization. To address these gaps, this review systematically analyses 214 papers collected from Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar published between 1997 and 2025. This review makes three main contributions. First, it synthesizes the BE measurement from the conventional 5Ds framework (density, diversity, design, distance to transit, and destination accessibility) to an expanded 7Ds by incorporating two additional dimensions: demand management and demographics. Second, it identifies four hierarchical geospatial scales of BE\u2010TCP relationships\u2014disaggregated, neighborhood, aggregated, and regional scales, and highlights the scale\u2010dependent nature of BE\u2010TCP effects. 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