{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T11:32:39Z","timestamp":1769686359467,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P19682-Kragler"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P19682-Kragler"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In plants, small interfering RNAs (siRNA) and microRNAs move to distant tissues where they control numerous developmental and physiological processes such as morphogenesis and stress responses. Grafting techniques and transient expression systems have been employed to show that sequence\u2010specific siRNAs with a size of 21\u201324 nucleotides traffic to distant organs. We used inverted\u2010repeat constructs producing siRNA targeting the meiosis factor <jats:italic>DISRUPTED MEIOTIC <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">cDNA<\/jats:styled-content> 1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>DMC1<\/jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>GFP<\/jats:italic> to test whether silencing signals move into meiotically active tissues. In grafted <jats:italic>Nicotiana tabacum<\/jats:italic>, a transgenic <jats:italic>DMC1<\/jats:italic> siRNA signal made in source tissues preferably entered the anthers formed in the first flowers. Here, the <jats:italic>DMC1<\/jats:italic> siRNA interfered with meiotic progression and, consequently, the flowers were at least partially sterile. In agro\u2010infiltrated <jats:italic>N.\u00a0benthamiana<\/jats:italic> plants, a <jats:italic>GFP<\/jats:italic> siRNA signal produced in leaves was allocated and active in most flower tissues including anthers. In hypocotyl\u2010grafted <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic> plants, the <jats:italic>DMC1<\/jats:italic> silencing signal consistently appeared in leaves, petioles, and stem, and only a small number of plants displayed <jats:italic>DMC1<\/jats:italic> siRNA signals in flowers. In all three tested plant species the systemic silencing signal penetrated male sporogenic tissues suggesting that plants harbour an endogenous long\u2010distance small RNA transport pathway facilitating siRNA signalling into meiotically active cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,19]],"date-time":"2014-07-19T04:33:21Z","timestamp":1405744401000},"page":"106-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Graft\u2010transmissible movement of inverted\u2010repeat\u2010induced si<scp>RNA<\/scp> signals into flowers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Wenna","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark Golm Am M\u00fchlenberg 1 Golm Germany"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Kollwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Centre of Molecular Biology Max F. Perutz Laboratories University of Vienna Dr. Bohrgasse 9\/5 A1030 Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Ewelina","family":"Stecyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark Golm Am M\u00fchlenberg 1 Golm Germany"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Apelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark Golm Am M\u00fchlenberg 1 Golm Germany"}]},{"given":"Rob","family":"Dirks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rijk Zwaan Breeding BV Eerste Kruisweg 9 4793 RS Fijnaart The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Kragler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Wissenschaftspark Golm Am M\u00fchlenberg 1 Golm Germany"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Centre of Molecular Biology Max F. 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