{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:14:04Z","timestamp":1761513244226},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,4]],"date-time":"2013-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is well known that chest drains are associated with severe movement\u2010related acute pain. These noxious stimuli could play a significant role in development and maintenance of persistent post\u2010operative pain. Therefore we studied chest drain sites in post\u2010thoracotomy pain syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content>) patients, in regard to pain and sensory dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We quantified thermal and pressure thresholds on both the chest drain side and the contralateral side in 11 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> patients and 10 pain\u2010free post\u2010thoracotomy patients 33 months after the thoracotomy. On average, each patient had two chest drains inserted during surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At follow up, two patients experienced pain at the chest drain sites, but had maximal pain near or at the thoracotomy scar. Comparison between chest drain side and control side for all 21 patients demonstrated significantly elevated thresholds for warmth detection and heat pain on the chest drain side (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), but not for cool detection or pressure. No significant differences between chest drain side and control side were observed within <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> or pain\u2010free patients. Comparing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> and pain\u2010free patients (chest drain\u2010to\u2010control side), no significant differences in thresholds were found. Although all 11 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> patients suffered from incisional pain, only two patients had pain from chest drains.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased thresholds for thermal detection suggest that chest drain insertion is associated with late nerve injury. Because no significant differences in sensory thresholds between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> and pain\u2010free patients were found, the pathophysiological role of small fibre nerve injury from chest drains in relation to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTPS<\/jats:styled-content> remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]],"date-time":"2013-02-05T04:35:31Z","timestamp":1360038931000},"page":"776-783","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Late sensory changes following chest drain insertion during thoracotomy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"WILDGAARD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Surgical Pathophysiology Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. 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