{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T13:44:32Z","timestamp":1771508672840,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,3]],"date-time":"2013-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The time to recovery from vapour anaesthesia is shortened by an increase in ventilation while maintaining normocapnia. Hypercapnia during emergence from anaesthesia in spontaneously breathing patients also increases anaesthetic clearance from the brain by increasing cerebral blood flow. We hypothesised that hypercapnia\u2010induced hyperpnoea accelerates emergence from sevoflurane anaesthesia compared to the standard anaesthesia protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After Ethics Review Board approval, 44 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASA I<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery were randomised after surgery to either hypercapnic hyperpnoea or control groups. In the hypercapnic hyperpnoea group, the end\u2010tidal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> was adjusted to a range of 6.0\u20137.3\u2009kPa to maintain a minute ventilation of 10\u201315\u2009l\/min. Recovery indices were compared using unpaired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANOVA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior to extubation, minute ventilation and end\u2010tidal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> in hypercapnic hyperpnoea and control groups were 10.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7\u2009l\/min vs. 5.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2\u2009l\/min (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 6.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6\u2009kPa and 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5\u2009kPa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), respectively. Compared to control, the study group had shorter time to extubation [4.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>) vs. 9.8\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4\u2009min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01], <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BIS<\/jats:styled-content> recovery to &gt;\u200975 (2.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 vs. 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1\u2009min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), eye opening (3.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 vs. 9.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.2\u2009min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), eligibility for leaving operating room (5.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 vs. 11.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.6\u2009min, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and post\u2010anaesthesia care unit (73.9\u2009\u00b1\u200914.2 vs. 89.4\u2009\u00b1\u200922.6)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypercapnic hyperpnoea in spontaneously breathing patients halves the time of recovery from sevoflurane\u2010induced anaesthesia in the operating room.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,4]],"date-time":"2013-03-04T15:40:33Z","timestamp":1362411633000},"page":"623-630","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Post\u2010operative hypercapnia\u2010induced hyperpnoea accelerates recovery from sevoflurane anaesthesia: a prospective randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"KATZNELSON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"DJAIANI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"NAUGHTON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"WASOWICZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"RAGOONANAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"DUFFIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"FEDORKO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"MURPHY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management University Health Network University of Toronto  Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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