{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T13:44:30Z","timestamp":1783518270747,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,23]],"date-time":"2014-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A maladaptation of the autonomic nervous system may been seen in patients with chronic pain that includes persistent changes in the autonomic tone, increased heart rate, and reduced heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. Baroreflex sensitivity and acute pain intensity have been reported to be inversely correlated. However, it is unknown whether the same correlation applies with regard to post\u2010operative pain. In the present study, autonomic function was measured in patients scheduled for minor hand surgery and correlated with early and persistent pain after the procedure. Thus, the cause (autonomic imbalance) was present before the effect (post\u2010operative pain). Our primary hypothesis was that a lower level of pre\u2010operative baroreflex sensitivity is correlated with increased early post\u2010operative pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 30 patients included and scheduled for open carpal tunnel surgery. Baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability were measured before surgery. Efferent cardiac parasympathetic activity was estimated by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Post\u2010operative pain was recorded daily for 6 weeks (early post\u2010operative pain) and for 1 week 1 year after surgery (persistent post\u2010operative pain).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010operative baroreflex sensitivity correlated negatively with early (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) and persistent (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) post\u2010operative pain. Efferent cardiac parasympathetic activity correlated negatively with early (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) but not persistent post\u2010operative pain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.12).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that a low pre\u2010operative level of baroreflex sensitivity is associated with higher post\u2010operative pain intensity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show the correlation between baroreflex sensitivity and post\u2010operative pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,23]],"date-time":"2014-12-23T10:26:15Z","timestamp":1419330375000},"page":"475-485","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Pre\u2010operative baroreflex sensitivity and efferent cardiac parasympathetic activity are correlated with post\u2010operative pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"NIELSEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"NIKOLAJSEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"KR\u00d8NER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"M\u00d8LGAARD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"VASE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Pain Research Center Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. 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