{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:49:35Z","timestamp":1778600975665,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeckfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004102","name":"Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>In critical care, early diagnosis and correct treatment are of the utmost importance. Focused ultrasonography has gained acceptance as a pivotal tool for this by elucidating the underlying pathology. For example, massive pulmonary embolism is characterised by right ventricular dilatation. However, theoretically these characteristics might also be generated by asphyxia and the consequent hypoxia. We aimed to evaluate the ultrasonographic characteristics of asphyxia in a porcine model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nineteen (13 intervention, 6 control) piglets were subjected to asphyxia until cardiac arrest, by disconnecting the ventilator tube. Ultrasonographic short\u2010axis cine loops of the left ventricle were obtained every 30\u00a0seconds. The left ventricular (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content>) eccentricity index (index of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> D\u2010shaping) was quantified along with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> end\u2010diastolic\/end\u2010systolic areas. Invasive pressures were measured throughout.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> eccentricity index increased from 1.14 (1.10\u20131.31) to 1.86 (1.48\u20132.38), (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), after 1.5\u00a0min, receded thereafter to baseline levels followed by a second increase after 5.5\u00a0min. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> end\u2010diastolic area decreased from 11.6\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (11.1\u201313.2) to 6.3\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (3.3 \u201311.0) after 2.0\u00a0min (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009). Subsequently, values returned to the baseline level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The early and transient acute dilatation of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RV<\/jats:styled-content>, coinciding with D\u2010shaping of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> and decrease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> end\u2010diastolic area seen in our study represent a combination of ultrasonographic characteristics normally attributed to pulmonary embolism. Early changes in ventricular chamber sizes and shape with septal flattening related to asphyxia can occur, but appear to be transient and disappear as circulatory collapse progresses, in an animal model. Despite this, asphyxia may represent a cause of ultrasonographic misinterpretation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T10:34:25Z","timestamp":1441708465000},"page":"203-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Asphyxia causes ultrasonographic D\u2010shaping of the left ventricle \u2013 an experimental porcine study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"A. H.","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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K.","family":"M\u00f8ller\u2010Helgestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sloth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Juhl\u2010Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2007.056242"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-200409000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2009.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2010.02330.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.111.963496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14017431.2013.859294"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(87)80119-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(86)90361-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(85)80433-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1947.150.2.315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199807000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-006-0395-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1960.15.5.878"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Cardiac function\u00a0and oxygen saturation during maximal breath\u2010holding in air and during whole\u2010body surface immersion","volume":"43","author":"Marabotti C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diving Hyperb Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12088"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2007.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00361545"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(91)90221-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-007-0560-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199409000-00003","article-title":"Transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function during apnea testing for brain death","volume":"58","author":"Orliaguet GA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2550","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440430026003","article-title":"Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism: is it effective? 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