{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:09:09Z","timestamp":1790014149932,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,26]],"date-time":"2017-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in pregnant women undergoing general anesthesia or sedation\/analgesia in the peripartum period is a feared complication in obstetric anesthesia. We assessed the changes in antral cross\u2010sectional area (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) with ultrasonography in laboring women and in the immediate postpartum period.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In an observational study in a university\u2010affiliated maternity, gastric ultrasonography examinations were performed in non\u2010consecutive laboring women, after epidural analgesia insertion and after childbirth. Assessment of antral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , difficulty of performance on a numerical scale, and factors that could influence gastric content were noted. A cut\u2010off value of 381\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      was taken for the diagnosis of empty stomach.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred women were enrolled in the study. Median antral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was 469\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      [25th\u201375th] [324\u2013591] after epidural insertion and 427\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      [316\u2013574] after delivery. Antral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was \u2265\u00a0381\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      in 59 of 90 women (65%) after epidural insertion vs. 48 of 100 women (48%) after delivery (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.59). Median variation of antral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      between two measurements was 36\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      [\u221242 to 114]. Gastric ultrasonography was significantly more difficult to perform during labor than immediately post\u2010delivery (median difficulty score 5 [2\u20137] vs. 2 [1\u20134],\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). No risk factors (pain, anxiety, diabetes, smoking) were significantly associated with the occurrence of full stomach post\u2010delivery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study demonstrated that 48% of parturients in the immediate postpartum period presented an antral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u00a0\u2265\u00a0381\u00a0mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , cut\u2010off being accepted for diagnosis of empty stomach and emphasizes the need for re\u2010assessing before any general anesthetic procedure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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