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We hypothesized that S100\u03b2 would not be increased in cord arterial blood of fetuses exposed briefly to general anesthetics during a C\u2010section, compared with epidural anesthesia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective observational clinical study comparatively measured changes of brain damage biomarker S100\u03b2 ratio of umbilical artery over vein (changes after fetus circulation) immediately after delivery under C\u2010section with either epidural or general anesthesia. Newborn blood gas measurements, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APGAR<\/jats:styled-content> scores, and maternal well\u2010being were also compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with epidural anesthesia, general anesthesia resulted in the lower S100\u03b2 ratio of umbilical artery over the vein (medium 2.64 [quartiles 1.39, 3.45] vs. medium 1.59 [quartiles 0.88, 2.01], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.031), without changing the S100\u03b2 level in the vein of the mother. There was no significant difference between general and epidural anesthesia when comparing other maternal and newborn parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>S100\u03b2 levels in newborn after C\u2010section is lower with general anesthesia than epidural anesthesia, with unclear mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,21]],"date-time":"2017-11-21T02:06:38Z","timestamp":1511229998000},"page":"293-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["S100\u03b2 in newborns after C\u2010section with general vs. epidural anesthesia: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2696-3492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z.","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Cheek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Onuoha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Month","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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