{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:31:40Z","timestamp":1747182700359,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ehrenreich's Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early empirical broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobial therapy is recommended for patients with severe infections, including sepsis. \u03b2\u2010lactam\/\u03b2\u2010lactamase inhibitor combinations or carbapenems are often used to ensure coverage of likely pathogens. Piperacillin\/tazobactam is proposed as a carbapenem\u2010sparing agent to reduce the incidence of multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria and superinfections. In the recently published MERINO trial, increased mortality from piperacillin\/tazobactam was suggested in patients with bacteraemia with resistant <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> species. Whether these findings also apply to empirical piperacillin\/tazobactam in patients with other severe infections, including sepsis, is unknown. We aim to assess the benefits and harms of empirical and definitive piperacillin\/tazobactam vs carbapenems for patients with severe bacterial infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and analysis<\/jats:title><jats:p>This protocol has been prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis Protocols statement, the Cochrane Handbook and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. We will include randomised clinical trials assessing piperacillin\/tazobactam vs carbapenems in patients with severe bacterial infections of any origin. The primary outcome will be all\u2010cause short\u2010term mortality\u00a0\u2264\u00a090\u00a0days. Secondary outcomes will include all\u2010cause long\u2010term mortality\u00a0&gt;\u00a090\u00a0days, adverse events, quality of life, use of life support, secondary infections, antibiotic resistance, and length of stay. We will conduct meta\u2010analyses, including pre\u2010planned subgroup and sensitivity analyses for all assessed outcomes. The risk of random errors in the meta\u2010analyses will be assessed by trial sequential analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T01:33:55Z","timestamp":1556156035000},"page":"973-978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Piperacillin\/tazobactam vs carbapenems for patients with bacterial infection: Protocol for a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1127-9599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie Warrer","family":"Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4668-0123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Perner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Sj\u00f6vall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perioperative Medicine Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4611-5543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas Bender","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Steensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob Steen","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael Patrick","family":"Achiam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Frimodt\u2010M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6378-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morten Hylander","family":"M\u00f8ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002255"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000194725.48928.3A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"380","article-title":"Assessment of the worldwide burden of critical illness: the intensive care over nations (ICON) audit. Lancet","volume":"2","author":"Vincent J\u2010L","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"Seventieth World Health Assembly A70\/13. Improving the prevention diagnosis and clinical management of sepsis.http:\/\/apps.who.int\/gb\/ebwha\/pdf_files\/WHA70\/A70_13-en.pdf?ua=1. Provisional agenda item 12.2 edn 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0480-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00607-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2010.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70950-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-3133-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00164-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00365-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2015.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"1319","article-title":"Carbapenem therapy is associated with improved survival compared with piperacillin\u2010tazobactam for patients with extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase bacteremia","volume":"60","author":"Tamma PD","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-015-0055-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir790"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"2076","article-title":"Empirical therapy of bloodstream infections caused by extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase\u2010producing Enterobacteriaceae","volume":"96","author":"Tang CQ","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0605-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1506-157"},{"issue":"53","key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"ii51\u20107","article-title":"Treatment of polymicrobial infections: post hoc analysis of three trials comparing ertapenem and piperacillin\u2010tazobactam","author":"Solomkin J","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109629602762539535"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109629602762539553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Piperacillin\/tazobactam versus imipenem\/cilastatin in the treatment of intra\u2010abdominal infections","volume":"176","author":"Niinikoski J","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","unstructured":"TangC LiJ XiaZ et al. Beta\u2010lactam\/beta\u2010lactamase inhibitors versus carbapenems for the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by extended\u2010spectrum beta\u2010lactamase\u2010producing bacteria: A retrospective cohort study. ACCP 2013 ANNUAL MEETING Albuquerque New Mexico: Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. 2013:e213\u2010e14."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0472-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.12163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","unstructured":"HigginsJ GreenS. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration.www.cochrane-handbook.org.2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f457"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","first-page":"MR000033","article-title":"Industry sponsorship and research outcome","volume":"12","author":"Lundh A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1367-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-015-0083-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e1553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. Guideline on the investigation of subgroups in 4 confirmatory clinical trials.https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/documents\/scientific-guideline\/draft-guideline-investigation-subgroups-confirmatory-clinical-trials_en.pdf.2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1761"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007"}],"container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Faas.13382","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aas.13382","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/aas.13382","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/aas.13382","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T22:19:37Z","timestamp":1694297977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/aas.13382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/aas.13382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aas.13382","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-5172","1399-6576"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0001-5172"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1399-6576"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}