{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:42:18Z","timestamp":1773798138308,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study is to describe the current frequency of physical restraint and the use of analgesics and sedatives for treating pediatric pain in emergency departments (EDs) in Scandinavia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a nation\u2010wide electronic survey asking nurses in the emergency departments in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden about their experience treating children in pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Responses from 103 Danish, Norwegian and Swedish nurses were included (79% response rate). Physical restraint was reported used at 79% [70.0\u201085.9] (N\u00a0=\u00a078) of the surveyed departments (DK: 96%, NO: 67%, SE: 77%) with two participants reporting daily use of physical restraint. Paracetamol was available at all departments and used most frequently. Sedation was available at 88% [78.8\u201092.0] of the departments with midazolam as the most recurrent sedative (83%, [74.8\u201089.4]). Seventy\u2010three percent of respondents reported a need for better treatments. Lack of education was the most frequently reported obstacle for providing both pain treatment (29%) and sedation (43%) followed by lack of guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Physical restraint of children during painful procedures is used in the majority of Scandinavian emergency departments (79%). There appears to be a lack of local guidelines for both pain treatment and sedation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T18:41:35Z","timestamp":1618771295000},"page":"1116-1121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Investigating the use of physical restraint of children in emergency departments: A\u00a0Scandinavian survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1902-2635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Aaberg Lauridsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Herlev ACES Herlev Anaesthesia Critical and Emergency Care Science Unit Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev\u2010Gentofte Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Lefort S\u00f8nderskov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Hvidovre University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Hetmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing and Health Promotion Faculty of Health Sciences Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology Hvidovre University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heli","family":"Salmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care New Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Wildgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Herlev ACES Herlev Anaesthesia Critical and Emergency Care Science Unit Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev\u2010Gentofte Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"S154","article-title":"Department of pediatrics, university of connecticut school of medicine, farmington, connecticut; pain relief program, connecticut children's medical center h, connecticut. from the ouchless place to comfort central: the evolution of a concept","volume":"122","author":"Neil L","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e328355b2c5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnc.2017.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pec.0000121242.99242.e0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-013-0076-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000000171"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"A4627","article-title":"Nitrous oxide provides safe and effective analgesia for minor paediatric procedures\u2013a systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Pedersen RS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dan Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEJ.0b013e32835bb490"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Reducing anxiety in pediatric patients","volume":"35","author":"Hart J","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiol Manage"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jradnu.2016.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2002.tb03298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"Ramb\u00f8ll.SurveyXact by Ramboll.2020. https:\/\/www.surveyxact.dk\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216306075367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"AnalyticsB.IBM SPSS Statistics.1\u20108.https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/products\/spss\u2010statistics."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12938"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","unstructured":"XxxxXX.Standardising paediatric procedural sedation in emergency departments \u2010 Final project report. 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