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The objectives of this study were to describe 11\u2010year trends in the incidence, treatment and outcome of sepsis using clinical criteria with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective, observational study. All adult admissions to Icelandic ICUs during years 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, and 2016 were screened for severe sepsis or septic shock by ACCP\/SCCM criteria (sepsis\u20102). Incidence, patient characteristics, treatment and outcome were compared across the study years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the six study years, 9166 patients were admitted to Icelandic ICUs, 971 (10.6%) because of severe sepsis or septic shock. The crude incidence of sepsis requiring admission to ICU remained stable between 0.55 and 0.75 per 1000 inhabitants. No statistically significant trends were observed over time in median patient age (67\u00a0years), APACHE II score (21), SOFA score (8) or Charlson Comorbidity Index (4). The time to antibiotic administration (median 1.8\u00a0h) in the emergency departments was stable over the study period but the time to lactate measurements decreased from 4.1\u00a0h in 2006 to 1.2\u00a0h in 2016, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a0.001. The 28\u2010day mortality was 25% and 1\u2010year mortality 41%, both with no observed change with time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a nationwide cohort, diagnosed with clinical criteria, the incidence of sepsis requiring intensive care did not change over an 11\u2010year period. Mortality remained stable and only minimal changes were observed in initial resuscitation in the emergency departments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.14026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T08:32:37Z","timestamp":1641889957000},"page":"497-506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Temporal trends in the epidemiology, management, and outcome of sepsis\u2014A nationwide observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7782-652X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edda","family":"Vesteinsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Landspitali\u2014The National University Hospital of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland  Reykjavik 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