{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:34:33Z","timestamp":1790008473311,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe QT interval prolongation requires monitoring QTc intervals during anaesthesia with recommended therapeutic interventions at a threshold of 500\u2009ms. The need for 12\u2010lead ECG and lack of standardisation limit such monitoring. We determined whether automated continuous intraoperative QTc monitoring with 5\u2010lead ECG measures QTc intervals comparable to 12\u2010lead ECG and whether the interpretation of QTc intervals depends on the correction formulae and the patient's sex. We compared intraoperative QTc times to QTc times from resting ECGs of a population from the same region, to substantiate the hypothesis that patients under general anaesthesia may need specific treatment thresholds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective observational study, intraoperative QT\/QTc intervals were automatically recorded using 12 and 5\u2010lead ECG in 100 patients (44% males). QTc values were analysed for sex and formula\u2010specific aspects after correction for heart rate according to Bazett, Fridericia, Hodges, Framingham, Charbit and QTcRAS, and compared to a regional community\u2010based cohort. The level of significance was set to <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>QT interval duration was not significantly different between 12\u2010lead and 5\u2010lead ECG (difference\u2009\u2212\u20090.09\u2009ms\u2009\u00b1\u20098.5\u2009ms, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.793). The QTc interval duration significantly differed between the correction formulae (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and between sexes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Mean intraoperative QTc duration was higher than in resting ECGs from a large community\u2010based population with the same regional background (438 vs. 417\u2009ms). The incidence of prolonged values &gt;500\u2009ms significantly depended on the correction formula (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and was up to tenfold higher in women versus men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraoperative QTc interval measurement using a 5\u2010lead ECG is valid. Correction formulae and gender influence the intraoperative QTc interval duration and the incidence of pathologically prolonged values according to current limits. The consideration and definition of sex\u2010specific normal limits for QTc times under general anaesthesia, therefore, warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.14515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T03:50:02Z","timestamp":1727409002000},"page":"1369-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intraoperative <scp>QTc<\/scp> interval interpretation: Effects of anaesthesia, <scp>ECG<\/scp>, correction formulae, sex, and current limits"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9068-1463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Kr\u00f6nauer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Therapy M\u00fcnchen Klinik Bogenhausen  Munich 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