{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:25:44Z","timestamp":1792099544635,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG060801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG060801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG064794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG064794"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI117739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI117739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aging Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mucosal tissues in the human female reproductive tract (FRT) are primary sites for both gynecological cancers and infections by a spectrum of sexually transmitted pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), that compromise women's health. While the regulation of innate and adaptive immune protection in the FRT by hormonal cyclic changes across the menstrual cycle and pregnancy are being intensely studied, little to nothing is known about the alterations in mucosal immune protection that occur throughout the FRT as women age following menopause. The immune system in the FRT has two key functions: defense against pathogens and reproduction. After menopause, natural reproductive function ends, and therefore, two overlapping processes contribute to alterations in immune protection in aging women: menopause and immunosenescence. The goal of this review is to summarize the multiple immune changes that occur in the FRT with aging, including the impact on the function of epithelial cells, immune cells, and stromal fibroblasts. These studies indicate that major aspects of innate and adaptive immunity in the FRT are compromised in a site\u2010specific manner in the FRT as women age. Further, at some FRT sites, immunological compensation occurs. Overall, alterations in mucosal immune protection contribute to the increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI), urogenital infections, and gynecological cancers. Further studies are essential to provide a foundation for the development of novel therapeutic interventions to restore immune protection and reverse conditions that threaten women's lives as they age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T03:01:25Z","timestamp":1620270085000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["The impact of aging on innate and adaptive immunity in the human female genital tract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3336-8285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Tufts University School of Medicine  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mickey V.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth  Lebanon NH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth  Lebanon NH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Wira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth  Lebanon NH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27290"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00896"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2011.01.009"},{"issue":"71","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"618","article-title":"The structure of the human vaginal stratum corneum and its role in immune defense","volume":"2014","author":"Anderson D. J.","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology (New York. N.Y.: 1989)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a002584"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2017.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04266-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-014-9501-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den393"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10697-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.090423"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(98)00076-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12732-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","volume-title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases Surveillance","author":"CDC","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","volume-title":"Surveillance Supplemental Report","author":"CDC","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","volume-title":"Gynecologic Cancer Incidence, United States\u20142012\u20132016","author":"CDC","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3257939"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2011.01063.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90279-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1995.tb00948.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI63287"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00877"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12266"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28242-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071464"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/iox092"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0204090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032712-100003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3361"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6830.809"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-012-9223-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh806"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icl036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340512"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076176"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-005-0079-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.5.2424"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00437-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1718"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011366"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2018.0234"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103276"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.4.999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00311.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0395"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0645"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.9.4233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)02377-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e3180587eb5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1153"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis660"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2012.00839.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2013.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","volume-title":"An Aging World: 2015","author":"He W.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32802"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.162982"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112325"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.9.989"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026602"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod50.3.461"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00426931"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20082039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.083477"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","first-page":"2847","article-title":"Alterations in tight junctions of human endometrial epithelial cells during normal menstrual cycle\u2013freeze\u2010fracture electron microscopic study","volume":"37","author":"Iwanaga S.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01397"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.03.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2012.01181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000231778"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021344"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328013d9b5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0378(79)90028-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(89)90060-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2478(96)02519-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.211053698"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","first-page":"S51","article-title":"Mucosal immunity in the female reproductive tract: Correlation of immunoglobulins, cytokines, and reproductive hormones in human cervical mucus around the time of ovulation","volume":"14","author":"Kutteh K. W.","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Secretory immune system of the female reproductive tract: I. Immunoglobulin and secretory component\u2010containing cells","volume":"71","author":"Kutteh W. H.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.36742.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1994.1112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01899-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1941-6_136"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","volume-title":"Secretory immunity and infection: Proceedings of the international symposium on the secretory immune system and carries immunity","author":"Lamm M. E.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2010.00584.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.2.668","article-title":"Differential activation of CD8+ T cells by transforming growth factor\u2010beta 1","volume":"151","author":"Lee H. M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2012.01116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1783\/147118906776276440"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-3-74"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016348409155509"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1514010"},{"issue":"186","key":"e_1_2_12_108_1","first-page":"4590","article-title":"Human NK cells proliferate and die in vivo more rapidly than T cells in healthy young and elderly adults","volume":"2011","author":"Lutz C. T.","year":"1950","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2005.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.55487"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1658-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200206)32:6<1524::AID-IMMU1524>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(01)00270-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(01)00187-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000221"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042617-053214"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101836"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31823fd215"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158687"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.3.588"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20411\/pai.v1i2.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00562-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2015.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12764"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000147282"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djg018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000852"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3484","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.10.3484","article-title":"Combined oral\/nasal immunization protects mice from sendai virus infection","volume":"139","author":"Nedrud J. G.","year":"1987","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep382"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2010.507886"},{"issue":"184","key":"e_1_2_12_134_1","first-page":"2518","article-title":"Age\u2010associated decrease in TLR function in primary human dendritic cells predicts influenza vaccine response","volume":"2010","author":"Panda A.","year":"1950","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12078"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12218"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035654"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2017.0038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2018.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.108857"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI98943"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5799-5806.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12977-016-0271-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01730-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2003.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12733"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01096"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2011.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-2635"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2010.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_156_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Distribution of macrophages in the human fallopian tubes: An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study","volume":"67","author":"Safwat M. D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Folia Morphologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.13020.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.2.992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2015.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_161_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"The biology of the cervix","author":"Schumacher G. F. B.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_162_1","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Immunological aspects of infertility and fertility control","author":"Schumacher G. F. B.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90644-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01796-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12532"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81380-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11522"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13346"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2017.1377173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-04008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(99)00008-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2014.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-016-0751-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2016.0320"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(70)90460-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02719"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01152-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00055\u201018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmicro\/dfn032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.108.068536"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00247"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401214"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.6.3017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00842.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2005.00287.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2010.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3819"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01670.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2012.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2001.01199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.61.4.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.2.554"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0823"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02573.x"}],"container-title":["Aging Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acel.13361","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/acel.13361","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acel.13361","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T06:24:04Z","timestamp":1764224644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acel.13361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":200,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acel.13361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.13361","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-9718","1474-9726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-9718","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-9726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13361"}}