{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T01:49:51Z","timestamp":1788140991306,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC 2151\u2010272482170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC 2151\u2010272482170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXC2151\u2010390873048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXC2151\u2010390873048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB1454\u2010432325352"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB1454\u2010432325352"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005224","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005224","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101041677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101041677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["616744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["616744"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000957","name":"Alzheimer's Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24AARFD\u20101192360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24AARFD\u20101192360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KX2230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KX2230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aging Cell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrotransposable elements (RTEs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several age\u2010associated diseases. Although model systems indicate that age\u2010 and sex\u2010dependent loss of heterochromatin increases RTE expression, data from large human studies are lacking. Here we assessed the expression levels of 795 blood RTE subfamilies in 2467 participants of the population\u2010based Rhineland Study. We found that the expression of more than 98% of RTE subfamilies increased with both chronological and biological age. Moreover, the expression of heterochromatin regulators involved in RTE silencing was negatively related to the expression of 690 RTE subfamilies. Finally, we observed sex differences in 42 RTE subfamilies, with higher expression in men. The genes mapped to sex\u2010related RTEs were enriched in immune response\u2010related pathways. Importantly, we validated our key findings in an independent population\u2010based cohort. Our findings indicate that RTEs and their repressors are markers of aging and that their dysregulation is linked to inflammation, especially in men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.70092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T01:00:57Z","timestamp":1746406857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Age and Sex Effects on Blood Retrotransposable Element Expression Levels: Findings From the Population\u2010Based Rhineland Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4418-7439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Talevi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3838-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang\u2010Mao","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundamental Research, Nuclear Function Group German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6732-7433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9704-148X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc D.","family":"Beyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunogenomics and Neurodegeneration German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics (PRECISE) at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and The University of Bonn and West German Genome Center (WGGC)  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6885-8116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Salomoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundamental Research, Nuclear Function Group German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0626-9305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monique M. B.","family":"Breteler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine University of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6184-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Ahmad","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Sciences German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2022.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/jad\u2010180141"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059\u2010018\u20101577\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0831042100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm6360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12465"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad5497"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010018\u20100784\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac7247"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12080884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556\u2010021\u201000774\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010021\u201003542\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018\u2010017\u20102454\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20321"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.63425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594\u2010021\u201000603\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010virology\u2010101416\u2010041734"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102105\u201013\u201086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564\u2010021\u201000907\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2005.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576\u2010020\u20100251\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xgen.2024.100498"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35057062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2719"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201030589\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5992"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014660108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010023\u201001999\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201040632\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101684"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.02.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2021.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11050761"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abm6359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102015\u2010312283"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.14869"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009438"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1600584"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13072\u2010015\u20100036\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.80169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","unstructured":"Smit A. R.Hubley andP.Green.2013\u20132015.\u201cRepeatMasker Open\u20104.0.\u201dhttp:\/\/www.repeatmasker.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055\u20109965.Epi\u201012\u20100236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960\u20109822(01)00553\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201040957\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1722565115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dnares\/dsy022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102014\u2010006772"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010019\u201005040\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.96575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.172833.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960\u20109822(01)00455\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1932"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2872"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1604621113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201031935\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2015.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231710112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580\u2010019\u20100204\u20105"}],"container-title":["Aging Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acel.70092","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T17:14:27Z","timestamp":1755018867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acel.70092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acel.70092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.70092","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2024.12.17.24319143","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1474-9718","1474-9726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1474-9718","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-9726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70092"}}