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Multiple strategies, including metabolic modulation (e.g., physical exercise, calorie restriction, and calorie restriction mimetics), targeting inflammaging, senotherapy, parabiosis, stem cell\u2010based therapies, and epigenetic rejuvenation, have shown promise in slowing aging and extending lifespan in preclinical models, with some demonstrating efficacy in clinical trials. This review summarizes the current status of leading anti\u2010aging interventions, their clinical progress, and the underlying mechanisms, which include enhancing autophagy, clearing senescent cells and supporting mitochondrial function to reduce chronic inflammation. We propose that metabolic modulation, inflammaging control, and senotherapy constitute three interconnected pillars of contemporary anti\u2010aging strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.70658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:44:11Z","timestamp":1787892251000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Mechanism\u2010Based Framework for Anti\u2010Aging Strategies: From Metabolic Regulation to Senotherapy and Stem Cell\u2010Based Interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0254-0368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feifei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Medical AI Technologies &amp; Robotics Institute  Xiong'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yankai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8162-9446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gelin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine on Cell Fate and Disease, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7528-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Medical AI Technologies &amp; Robotics Institute  Xiong'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Sciences  Beijing China"},{"name":"Medical AI Technologies &amp; Robotics Institute  Xiong'an China"},{"name":"Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.01.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abk0297"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517\u2010005\u20100389\u20109"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Effects of Calorie Restriction in Obese Older Adults: The CROSSROADS Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"73","author":"Ard J. 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