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Where appropriate, we highlight knowledge gaps and suggest directions for future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic literature search following databases: PubMed, Ovid, and Google Scholar for articles published between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2016. We supplemented this search by cross\u2010referencing bibliographies of the retrieved publications. Peer\u2010reviewed studies written in English and conducted in the United States that examined homelessness within the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> setting were included. We used a qualitative approach to synthesize the existing literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010eight studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Based on our study objectives and the available literature, we grouped articles examining homeless populations in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> into four broad categories: 1) prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of homeless <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> visits, 2) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> utilization by homeless adults, 3) clinical characteristics of homeless <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> visits, and 4) medical education and evidence\u2010based management of homeless <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Homelessness may be underrecognized in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> setting. Homeless <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> patients have distinct care needs and patterns of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> utilization that are unmet by the current disease\u2010oriented and episodic models of emergency medicine. More research is needed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of homelessness in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> and to develop evidence\u2010based treatment strategies in caring for this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,10]],"date-time":"2017-12-10T00:46:42Z","timestamp":1512866802000},"page":"577-593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Homelessness and Emergency Medicine: A Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Bisan A.","family":"Salhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Emory University Atlanta GA"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology Emory University Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa 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