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These studies cannot evaluate if opioids were really consumed and are unable to differentiate if they were used for a new pain or chronic pain or were misused. The aim of this study was to assess opioid use rate and reasons for consuming 3\u00a0months after being discharged from the emergency department (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content>) with an opioid prescription.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a prospective cohort study conducted in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> of a tertiary care urban center with a convenience sample of discharged patients \u2265 18 years who consulted for an acute pain condition (\u22642 weeks). Three months post\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> visit, participants were interviewed by phone on their past 2\u2010week opioid consumption and their reasons for consuming: a) for pain related to the initial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> visit, b) for a new unrelated pain, or c) for another reason.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 524 participants questioned at 3 months (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age\u00a0= 51\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016 years, 47% women), 47 patients (9%, 95% confidence interval [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>]\u00a0= 7%\u201312%) reported consuming opioids in the previous 2\u00a0weeks. Among those, 34 (72%) reported using opioids for their initial pain, nine (19%) for a new unrelated pain and four (9%) for another reason (0.8%, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0= 0.3%\u20132.0%, of the whole cohort). Patients who used opioids during the 2\u00a0weeks after the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> visit were 3.8 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0= 1.2\u201312.7) times more likely to consume opioids at 3 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opioid use at the 3\u2010month follow\u2010up in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content> patients discharged with an opioid prescription for an acute pain condition is not necessarily associated with opioid misuse; 91% of those patients consumed opioids to treat pain. Of the whole cohort, less than 1% reported using opioids for reasons other than pain. The rate of long\u2010term opioid use reported by prescription\u2010filling database studies should not be viewed as a proxy for incidence of opioid misuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T08:02:43Z","timestamp":1563436963000},"page":"847-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Opioid Use and Misuse Three Months After Emergency Department Visit for Acute Pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Raoul","family":"Daoust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Centre H\u00f4pital du Sacr\u00e9\u2010Coeur de Montr\u00e9al (CIUSSS du Nord de\u2010l\u2019\u00cele\u2010de\u2010Montr\u00e9al) Montr\u00e9al Qu\u00e9bec Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de M\u00e9decine Familiale et M\u00e9decine d'Urgence Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine 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