{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T17:48:54Z","timestamp":1790704134421,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain management is a critical part of treatment in patients with chest trauma. Opioids and nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs have been the most commonly used medications. However, their side effects have drawn attention to other medications. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of the analgesic dose of ketamine in patients with chest trauma in comparison to ketorolac.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized, double\u2010blind clinical trial was conducted in three hospitals. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: 45 in the ketorolac group (30\u2009mg intravenous [IV] and 45 in the ketamine group [0.25\u2009mg\/kg IV]). Pain was rated via numeric rating scale (NRS) before and 30 and 60\u2009min after the drug injection. Morphine was used as the rescue medication. Furthermore, the adverse events of the two study regimens were rated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain was more significantly relieved in the ketamine group, 30 and 60\u2009min after drug administration, compared to ketorolac (median [IQR] 95% CI 30\u2010min NRS 3.0 [1.0] 2.8\u20133.5 vs. 5.0 [4.5] 4.2\u20135.8, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006; and 60\u2010min NRS 3.0 [2.0] 2.7\u20133.7 vs. 5.6 [1.7] 4.7\u20136.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), respectively. Among patients with a chest tube, pain was more significantly controlled in the ketamine group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Also, patients in the ketamine group needed less rescue pain medications compared to the ketorolac group although they reported more frequent nausea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ketamine can be an effective analgesic in patients with chest trauma in acute settings with or without rib fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.15050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T11:44:57Z","timestamp":1735645497000},"page":"426-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of the analgesic dose of intravenous ketamine versus ketorolac in patients with chest trauma: A randomized double\u2010blind clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Hossein Zabihi","family":"Mahmoodabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fellowship in Advanced Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeynab Seyed","family":"Javadein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Sina Hospital, Tehran Medical University of Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Moosaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Sina Hospital, Tehran Medical University of Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"International Surgical Research Association (ISRA) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Faegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Surgical Research Association (ISRA) Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"School of Medicine Alborz University of Medical Sciences  Karaj Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7655-0987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Bahreini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fellowship in Emergency Trauma Montreal General Hospital, McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Sina Hospital, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15934"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_30_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40140-020-00374-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afjem.2022.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002559"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-023-01172-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028018768451"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307901127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2013.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000637"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-011-1957-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Ketamine infusion therapy as an alternative pain control strategy in patients with multi\u2010trauma including rib fracture; case report and literature review","volume":"4","author":"Losing AK","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull Emerg Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-016-0383-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2022.02.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2008\/11\/S105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2020.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820954835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accpm.2017.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2015.08.282"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.03.004"}],"container-title":["Academic Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acem.15050","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T07:21:51Z","timestamp":1745824911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acem.15050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acem.15050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.15050","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1069-6563","1553-2712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1069-6563","type":"print"},{"value":"1553-2712","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}