{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:18:03Z","timestamp":1789186683173,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment guidelines state that the decision to provide STI\/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and presumptive treatment after sexual assault (SA) should be made on an individual basis to minimize retraumatization of the patient. However, little is known about STI screening, presumptive treatment, and positivity in the emergency department (ED) setting. The objective of this study was to evaluate STI testing rates and positivity, presumptive gonorrhea and chlamydia treatment, pregnancy testing, and emergency contraception offered to SA survivors in the ED in the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Premier Healthcare Database, a national administrative data set containing health care information from inpatient and hospital\u2010based outpatient encounters, was used. Approximately 30% of encounters have available laboratory test results. ED visits for SA (identified by ICD\u201010\u2010CM codes) among female patients aged 15\u201344\u2009years between 2019 and 2023 were included. For patients presenting multiple times to the ED, only the first ED visit after SA was included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 49,047 total visits where females ages 15\u201344\u2009years presented to the ED for SA, chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV tests were conducted in 18.6%, 18.6%, 13.4%, and 16.9%, respectively, and pregnancy tests in 33.1% of visits. Presumptive gonorrhea and chlamydia treatment was provided in 53.7% and 52.2%, respectively, and emergency contraception in 27.2% of visits. Approximately 40% of patients were neither tested nor treated for either chlamydia or gonorrhea. Of patients with available laboratory test results, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis positivity rates were 10.0%, 3.8%, and 1.0%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low STI testing and treatment rates and high STI positivity identified in this study suggest that an important opportunity exists for improving STI screening and presumptive treatment for female patients presenting to the ED after SA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.15058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T04:14:01Z","timestamp":1733285641000},"page":"292-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Low sexually transmitted infection (<scp>STI<\/scp>) screening and presumptive treatment and high <scp>STI<\/scp> positivity among <scp>United States<\/scp> females visiting the emergency department after sexual assault"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8491-3015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoyu","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention NCHHSTP, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirag G.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention NCHHSTP, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Emergency Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases Surveillance 2021.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2021. Accessed November 26 2024.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sti\u2010statistics\/media\/pdfs\/2024\/07\/2021\u2010STD\u2010Surveillance\u2010Report\u2010PDF_ARCHIVED\u20102\u201016\u201024.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of STD Prevention","author":"Division of STD Prevention Strategic Plan 2022\u20132026","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199003153221101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.4.726"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/olq.0000000000001806"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9378(98)70361-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.59514"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0000000000003178"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Evaluation and Management of the Sexually Assaulted or Sexually Abused Patient","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.36273"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpsym.Ijpsym_504_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2024.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Preventing Sexual Violence.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1741"}],"container-title":["Academic Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acem.15058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T10:21:45Z","timestamp":1742379705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acem.15058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acem.15058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.15058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1069-6563","1553-2712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1069-6563","type":"print"},{"value":"1553-2712","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}