{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:54:46Z","timestamp":1784138086020,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Physiological responses to acute ethanol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>) injection depend critically on the timing of their administration. Whether daily timing modulates effects of longer intoxication intervals characteristic of alcohol\u2010dependent humans remains unknown. The present work examines time\u2010of\u2010day effects during<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>exposure and withdrawal measured by locomotor activity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ct<jats:sub>Loc<\/jats:sub>) and body temperature (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>) across multiple rounds of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>exposure\/withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two groups of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>57<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>L\/6<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>mice (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a08 per group), implanted with radio\u2010telemeters, were entrained to opposite light\u2013dark periods (14:10<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LD<\/jats:styled-content>cycle) so that their rest\/activity cycles were 12\u00a0hours apart. Under a 2\u2010hour skeleton photoperiod animals were simultaneously exposed to 3 daily cycles of Et<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>vapor inhalation (14\u00a0hours Et<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>on) and withdrawal (10\u00a0hours<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>off). During this time, air\u2010only control groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04 per group) matched for entrainment were handled in a comparable manner. After the third cycle of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>vapor, the animals were left undisturbed for 11\u00a0days to recover. The 14\u2010day protocol was repeated 3 additional times.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During intoxication, mice exposed to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>in the subjective night exhibited greater hypothermia and more overall disruptions in the<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>and Act<jats:sub>Loc<\/jats:sub>rhythms. Acute withdrawal induced hypothermia during the subjective night and hyperthermia during the subjective day. Animals in both phases demonstrated significant disruptions in Act<jats:sub>Loc<\/jats:sub>during withdrawal. Act<jats:sub>Loc<\/jats:sub>had little effect on<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>during<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>exposure, but it significantly influenced<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>during acute withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The physiological responses of both<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>exposure and withdrawal differ as a function of time of day. These findings suggest that controlling for the circadian phase of exposure and\/or withdrawal may mitigate the severity of symptomatic withdrawal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T15:33:00Z","timestamp":1384961580000},"page":"879-888","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Circadian Phase Determines Effects of Repeated Ethanol Vapor Exposure and Withdrawal on Body Temperature and Activity Rhythms of Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Amanda S.","family":"Damaggio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Chronobiology and Department of Psychology University of California, San Diego La Jolla California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Gorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Chronobiology and Department of Psychology University of California, 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