{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T02:21:22Z","timestamp":1772763682067,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Behavioural Science Institute of the Radboud University Nijmegen"},{"name":"Salus Clinic Lindow"},{"name":"Vici","award":["453-08-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["453-08-001"]}]},{"name":"Netherlands Science Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Models of addictive behaviors postulate that implicit alcohol\u2010related memory associations and biased interpretation processes contribute to the development and maintenance of alcohol misuse and abuse. The present study examined whether alcohol\u2010dependent patients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content>) show an alcohol\u2010related interpretation bias. Second, the relationship between the interpretation bias and levels of harmful drinking was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample included 125 clinically diagnosed AP and 69 clinically diagnosed control patients (CP) who had either a mood or an anxiety disorder. Participants completed a booklet containing 12 open\u2010ended ambiguous scenarios. Seven scenarios were alcohol\u2010relevant, and 5 were emotionally relevant, that is, panic\u2010 or depression\u2010relevant. Participants were asked to read each scenario and to generate a continuation. In addition, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lcohol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>se <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>isorder <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>dentification <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>est (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>eck <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>epression <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nventory were administered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Logistic multivariate multilevel analyses revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2019 probability of generating an alcohol\u2010related continuation on all 3 scenario types was higher than that of CP. Moreover, alcohol\u2010related interpretation biases were positively associated with levels of harmful drinking (i.e., <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content> scores).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings are the first to show that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> show an alcohol\u2010related interpretation bias, which generalizes to other ambiguous emotionally relevant contexts, and therefore advance our understanding of the role of implicit biased alcohol\u2010related memory associations and interpretation processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T17:30:43Z","timestamp":1389807043000},"page":"1151-1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Alcohol\u2010Related Interpretation Bias in Alcohol\u2010Dependent 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