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Although there is a general understanding that high levels of drinking during pregnancy are unsafe, conflicting evidence regarding the impact of low intake may account for the persistence of this behavior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> on learning and executive control, we utilized a voluntary paradigm where pregnant mice had access to a saccharin\u2010sweetened 10% alcohol solution for 4\u00a0hours, during the dark cycle, throughout gestation. Male and female offspring were tested as adults on a touch\u2010screen discrimination and reversal task mediated by corticostriatal circuits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consistent with previous findings, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> did not lead to gross morphological, motor, or sensory alterations in offspring. Both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> and saccharin control female mice were slower to acquire the discrimination than males, but <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> did not impair associative learning in either sex. During reversal, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> led to a specific and significant impairment in the early phase, where cortical control is most required to flexibly alter choice behavior. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content> mice showed a significant increase in maladaptive perseverative responses but showed intact learning of the new association during late reversal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previously, data from clinical studies have suggested that executive control deficits may underlie cognitive, as well as social, problems seen in adolescents with documented <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAE<\/jats:styled-content>. These data demonstrate that even more moderate alcohol exposure during development can lead to impaired cognitive functioning well into adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,13]],"date-time":"2015-01-13T11:30:30Z","timestamp":1421148630000},"page":"2962-2968","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Impairs Executive Function in Mice into Adulthood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Kristin","family":"Marquardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Sigdel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque New 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