{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:26:37Z","timestamp":1788431197800,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,18]],"date-time":"2015-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASDs<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) can experience profound impairments and long\u2010term adverse outcomes. This systematic review adopts a life span perspective providing an extensive analysis of the available literature.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Studies were identified from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      sycInfo,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PubMed<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      copus,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      eb of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      nowledge,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CINAHL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ochrane\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      entral\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      egister of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ontrolled\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      rials, and gray literature. Two reviewers independently screened the title and abstract of each reference, and the methodological rigor of the included studies was assessed using the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ffective\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ublic\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ealth\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      roject assessment tool.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010two studies met the inclusion criteria, of which the vast majority targeted early to middle childhood. Two studies focused on early intervention in the postnatal period, and 6 studies aimed to improve attention and\/or self\u2010regulation in childhood. Three of these provided promising evidence on improving self\u2010regulatory difficulties for children with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s. Nine studies focused on improving specific areas of dysfunction. Six studies addressed social skills; 3 of these used an adaptation of a well\u2010validated social skills program. Three studies provided promising initial evidence that parents and caregivers could benefit from support with child behavior and a further 4 studies provided education and advocacy for parents\/caregivers, teachers, or child welfare workers. The final 2 studies were aimed at supporting parents who were themselves affected by prenatal alcohol exposure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is growing evidence for interventions that improve outcomes for early to middle childhood. However, a lack of research exists outside of this developmental period. This lack of research is concerning given the potential positive impact of early intervention, for individuals and, financially, for governments. In addition, the lack of interventions for adolescents and adults further highlights the widening developmental gap and the potential influence of secondary disabilities for this at\u2010risk population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,18]],"date-time":"2015-11-18T06:07:18Z","timestamp":1447826838000},"page":"2283-2295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Systematic Review of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Interventions Across the Life Span"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Natasha","family":"Reid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Psychology Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Dawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Psychology Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Australian Centre for Child Protection University of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Child Health Gold Coast Hospital &amp; Health Service Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Harnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Child Health Gold Coast Hospital &amp; Health Service Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Psychology Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"LeGros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Child Health Gold Coast Hospital &amp; Health Service Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances","family":"O'Callaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Psychology Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2007.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"2013 The Department of Health Canberra Australian Government Responding to the Impact of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Australia: A Commonwealth Action Plan"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20344"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000680"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7895\/ijadr.v3i1.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3181966780"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2006.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-009-9273-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.12814"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"2000 Psychological Assessment Resources Odessa FL GA Gioia PK Isquith SC Guy L Kenworthy Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-004-6124-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"The effects of the copy, cover and compare procedure in spelling with an elementary student with fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Gryiec M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Precis Teach Celeration"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"HigginsJPT GreenS eds (2011)Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. 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