{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:34:06Z","timestamp":1781782446505,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN275201300016C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN275201300016C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescent substance users face serious health and social consequences and benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. The objectives of this study were to observe trends in treatment utilization; examine correlates of treatment utilization and treatment types\/settings among adolescent substance users with and without substance use disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>); and assess gender differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>National Survey on Drug Use and Health data were pooled across 2002 to 2013, with a combined sample of 79,885 past\u2010year substance users ages 12 to 17 (17,510 with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content> and 62,375 without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>). Treatment was defined as receiving treatment or counseling for use of alcohol or any drug, not counting cigarettes. Trends were assessed by joinpoint linear regression, and multivariable logistic regression assessed odds ratios of treatment utilization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Percentages of past\u2010year treatment use did not change in 2002 to 2013. Treatment utilization was more prevalent among adolescents with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content> than without (11.4% vs. 1.4%) and among males than females. Among adolescents with and without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, criminal justice involvement and perceiving a need for treatment increased adolescent treatment utilization, while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>s other than alcohol abuse, older age, and talking to parents increased treatment use among adolescents with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, and polysubstance use and male gender increased treatment among those without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>. Treatment gaps persisted among non\u2010Hispanic Blacks for both groups with and without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, male Hispanics with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, female non\u2010Hispanic Asians without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, and private insurance coverages. Gender differences were observed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content>, race\/ethnicity, and insurance coverage. Most adolescents received treatment for both alcohol and drug use, and self\u2010help group and outpatient rehabilitation facility were the most used treatment settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment utilization among adolescents with past\u2010year substance use remained low and unimproved in 2002 to 2013. Treatment gaps among minority populations, insurance coverage, and in educating adolescents on seeking relevant treatment must be addressed. Using screening processes such as Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment, health professionals can help prevent lifelong <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SUD<\/jats:styled-content> by recognizing and addressing substance misuse early.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]],"date-time":"2016-07-18T06:24:53Z","timestamp":1468823093000},"page":"1717-1727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Treatment Utilization Among Adolescent Substance Users: Findings from the 2002 to 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Sarah P.","family":"Haughwout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CSR, Incorporated Arlington Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Harford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSR, Incorporated Arlington Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u2010Jen P.","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSR, Incorporated Arlington Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bridget F.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2015.1027930"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1754"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"ASAM(2016)What is the ASAM criteria?Available at:http:\/\/www.asam.org\/quality-practice\/guidelines-and-consensus-documents\/the-asam-criteria\/about. Accessed April 12 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0673"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2007.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"BeronioK PoR SkopecL GliedS(2013)Affordable Care Act expands mental health and substance use disorder benefits and federal parity protections for 62 million Americans. Available at:http:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/report\/affordable-care-act-expands-mental-health-and-substance-use-disorder-benefits-and-federal-parity-protections-62-million-americans. Accessed November 12 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.9610148512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"2014 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Rockville MD Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201100518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2009.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2011.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2012.73.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Asian\u2010Americans, addictions, and barriers to treatment","volume":"4","author":"Fong TW","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-48626-1_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/221067660304140121173215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2010.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2009.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Neurobiology of adolescent substance use and addictive behaviors: prevention and treatment implications","volume":"25","author":"Hammond CJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adolesc Med State Art Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.1858"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.2.304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2006.57.4.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JA-200042281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","unstructured":"2014 Institute for Social Research University of Michigan Ann Arbor LD Johnston PM O'Malley RA Miech JG Bachman JE Schulenberg Monitoring the Future National Results on Drug Use: 1975\u20132013: Overview Key Findings on Adolescent Drug Use"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::AID-SIM336>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2007.68.256"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"American Psychiatric Association: treatment of patients with substance use disorders, second edition","volume":"163","author":"Kleber HD","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","unstructured":"KleinRJ ProctorSE BoudreaultMA TurczynKM(2002)Healthy people 2010 criteria for data suppression.National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville MD. Available at:http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/statnt\/statnt24.pdf. Accessed April 12 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2012.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-4-201308200-00667"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ajpsy.v14i2.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","unstructured":"2015 Statistical Methodology and Applications Branch Surveillance Research Program National Cancer Institute Frederick MD National Cancer Institute Joinpoint Regression Program Version 4.1.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","unstructured":"2011 CASA New York National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA) Adolescent Substance Use: America's #1 Public Health Problem"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","unstructured":"National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)(2014)Principles of adolescent substance use disorder treatment: a research\u2010based guide.National Institute on Drug Abuse Bethesda MD. Available at:http:\/\/www.drugabuse.gov\/publications\/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment-research-based-guide\/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment. Accessed November 16 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","unstructured":"SAMHSA(2014a)American Indian and Alaska native: tribal affairs. Available at:http:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/behavioral-health-equity\/ai-an. Accessed November 12 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","unstructured":"SAMHSA(2014b)The NSDUH Report: substance use and mental health estimates from the 2013 National Survey on drug use and health: overview of findings. Available at:http:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/NSDUH-SR200-RecoveryMonth-2014\/NSDUH-SR200-RecoveryMonth-2014.htm. Accessed November 12 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J029v12n04_05"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155005940904000110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1940-0640-7-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0304-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"637","article-title":"Access to treatment for adolescents with substance use and co\u2010occurring disorders: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"49","author":"Sterling S","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2004.10399720"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","unstructured":"2012 SAMHSA Rockville MD Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Comparing and Evaluating Youth Substance Use Estimates from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health and Other Surveys"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2004.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2011.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-120002978"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19371918.2015.1084773"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1589"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facer.13137","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.13137","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T11:15:32Z","timestamp":1695554132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.13137"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.13137"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13137","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,18]]}}}