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This vulnerability likely stems, at least partially, from relatively rapid increases in sensation seeking occurring in early to mid\u2010adolescence and more gradual improvements in impulse control occurring through later adolescence. Better understanding how these processes develop in high\u2010risk youth may lead to enhanced substance use disorder treatment and prevention strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We characterized trajectories of self\u2010reported impulsivity and sensation seeking in 305 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ youths who at minimum had a father with a history of alcohol or other drug use disorders and 81 youths with no family histories of substance use disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212). Assessments started at ages 10 to 12 and continued at 6\u2010month intervals for up to 42\u00a0months. In addition, a subset of 58 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ youths who began alcohol or other drug use before age 15 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Users) were compared to 58 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ propensity\u2010matched adolescents who did not initiate substance use before age 15 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Non\u2010Users).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212 youths at preadolescence, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ youths reported higher general impulsivity and higher impulsivity related to poor planning and attention. Over time, there were no differential effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content> status on changes in impulsivity or sensation seeking across adolescence. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Users had smaller decreases in general impulsivity and impulsivity related to restlessness and fidgeting across adolescence than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Non\u2010Users. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Users also had greater increases in sensation seeking across adolescence than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ Non\u2010Users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased impulsivity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ youths may make them less able to regulate sensation seeking drives that peak in adolescence, which may contribute to their high risk for developing substance use disorders. Additionally, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>+ adolescents who initiate early use may be at increased risk in part due to increased impulsivity coupled with greater increases in sensation seeking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,12]],"date-time":"2016-10-12T20:51:05Z","timestamp":1476305465000},"page":"2622-2630","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Early Adolescent Trajectories of Impulsiveness and Sensation Seeking in Children of Fathers with Histories of Alcohol and Other Substance Use Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ashley","family":"Acheson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"},{"name":"Research Imaging Institute The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Lake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany C.","family":"Bray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Methodology Center The Pennsylvania State University State College Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles W.","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stacy R.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora E.","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald M.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio 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