{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:51:19Z","timestamp":1790697079707,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AA10788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA10788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA24136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA24136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relapse in alcohol use disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUD<\/jats:styled-content>) is related to a complex interplay among multiple biological, psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial factors, which may change dynamically during and after treatment. At treatment entry for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUD<\/jats:styled-content>, morphological abnormalities in anterior frontal regions and the insula have been observed in those who ultimately relapse following treatment. The goal of this study was to determine whether anterior frontal and insula measures of brain thickness, surface area, and volume <jats:italic>predict<\/jats:italic> posttreatment drinking status (i.e., relapser or abstainer) over an extended period after outpatient treatment for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUD<\/jats:styled-content>, while concurrently considering common psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial factors previously associated with relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol\u2010dependent individuals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0129) were followed for 18\u00a0months after treatment to determine posttreatment drinking status (abstainers [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a047] or relapsers [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a082]). Brain morphometrics were derived from FreeSurfer. Receiver operating characteristic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content>) curve analysis was used to identify the regional brain thickness, surface area, and volume (all scaled to intracranial volume), demographic, psychiatric, other substance use (e.g., cigarette smoking), and alcohol consumption variables, obtained at entry into treatment, that best predicted posttreatment drinking status. Survival analyses determined variables that were related to duration of abstinence after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content> analyses indicated that mood disorders, education, and volumes of the right caudal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right rostral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACC<\/jats:styled-content>, and total right frontal gray matter were significant predictors of posttreatment drinking status. Among relapsers, survival analyses showed smokers and individuals with a comorbid medical condition relapsed earlier after treatment. Additionally, a greater frequency of smokers relapsed within 6\u00a0months of AUD treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results reinforce that relapse in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUD<\/jats:styled-content> is a function of multiple biological, psychiatric, psychological, and psychosocial factors. Effective treatment of depressive disorders and cigarette smoking concurrent with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AUD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010focused interventions may promote better treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T12:52:46Z","timestamp":1479991966000},"page":"107-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Psychiatric, Demographic, and Brain Morphological Predictors of Relapse After Treatment for an Alcohol Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Timothy C.","family":"Durazzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"},{"name":"Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers and Sierra\u2010Pacific War Related Illness and Injury Study Center VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter J.","family":"Meyerhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco San Francisco California"},{"name":"Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases San Francisco VA Medical Center San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023421"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01483-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713003206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/324374"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2373"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00407.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12420"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12552"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhg087"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.alc.0000175018.72488.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000080669.20979.F2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.3.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1986.47.207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2011.00140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.05.011.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2002.63.363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2008.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","unstructured":"1992 Sage Newbury Park CA HC Kraemer Evaluating Medical Tests"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2006.67.823"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2007.68.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000167958.68586.3D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"289A","article-title":"Predicting relapse and treatment outcome in alcohol use disorders: time for an integrative biopsychosocial approach","volume":"34","author":"Meyerhoff DJ","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-28720-6_131"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00515.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X07306749"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2006.00425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12089"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12010112"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.7.1190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(98)00068-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3291116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2010.10020233"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000066239"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-016-0081-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800180015002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490601077825"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5587-06.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-62619-6.00021-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Neuroplasticity and predictors of alcohol recovery","volume":"37","author":"Seo D","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alcohol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"530","article-title":"Time\u2010line follow\u2010back assessment method","volume":"2","author":"Sobell LC","year":"1985","journal-title":"NIAAA Treatment Handbook Series"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1988.49.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-597X-4-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12840"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00579-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","unstructured":"YesavageJA KraemerHC(2007)Signal detection software for receiver operator characteristic. Available at:http:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/~yesavage\/ROC.html. Accessed August 1 2016."}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facer.13267","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.13267","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T04:16:32Z","timestamp":1695010592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.13267"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.13267"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13267","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]]}}}