{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:42:57Z","timestamp":1787013777540,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37 AA018282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 AA018282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM106999\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM106999\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008519","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008519","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Chronic alcohol consumption leads to increased fracture risk and an elevated risk of osteoporosis by decreasing bone accrual through increasing osteoclast activity and decreasing osteoblast activity. We have shown that this mechanism involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (\n ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) produced by\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n oxidases. It was hypothesized that different dietary antioxidants,\n N<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010acetyl cysteine (\n NAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; 1.2\u00a0mg\/kg\/d), and\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010tocopherol (Vit.E; 60\u00a0mg\/kg\/d) would be able to attenuate the NADPH oxidase\u2010mediated\n ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\n effects on bone due to chronic alcohol intake.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n To study the effects of these antioxidants, female mice received a Lieber\u2013DeCarli liquid diet containing ethanol (Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) with or without additional antioxidant for 8\u00a0weeks.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Tibias displayed decreased cortical bone mineral density in both the Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0+\u00a0antioxidant groups compared to pair\u2010fed (\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0+\u00a0antioxidant groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). However, there was significant protection from trabecular bone loss in mice fed either antioxidant (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). Microcomputed tomography analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in bone volume (bone volume\/tissue volume) and trabecular number (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05), along with a significant increase in trabecular separation in the Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n compared to\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05). In contrast, the Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0+\u00a0\n NAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u00a0+\u00a0Vit.E did not statistically differ from their respective\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n controls. Ex vivo histologic sections of tibias were stained for nitrotyrosine, an indicator of intracellular damage by\n ROS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and tibias from mice fed Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n exhibited significantly more staining than\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n controls. Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n treatment significantly increased the number of marrow adipocytes per mm as well as\n mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n expression of\n aP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 2, an adipocyte marker in bone. Only\n NAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n was able to reduce the number of marrow adipocytes to\n PF<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels. Et\n OH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010fed mice exhibited reduced bone length (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05) and had a reduced number of proliferating chondrocytes within the growth plate.\n NAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Vit.E prevented this (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n These data show that alcohol's pathological effects on bone extend beyond decreasing bone mass and suggest a partial protective effect of the dietary antioxidants\n NAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and Vit.E at these doses with regard to alcohol effects on bone turnover and bone morphology.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T12:36:19Z","timestamp":1481978179000},"page":"46-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Partial Protection by Dietary Antioxidants Against Ethanol\u2010Induced Osteopenia and Changes in Bone Morphology in Female Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Alexander W.","family":"Alund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Biomedical Sciences University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly E.","family":"Mercer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey F.","family":"Pulliam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans New Orleans Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry J.","family":"Suva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Ran","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Badger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock Arkansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J. J.","family":"Ronis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans New Orleans Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)10288-7","article-title":"Effects of chronic ethanol on growth hormone secretion and hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes of the rat","volume":"264","author":"Badger TM","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31905-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/684510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1842"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100454108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agq030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.185397"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.alc.0000192039.21305.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.109454"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.110.175091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.130351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-226464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540500091890"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00018.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2013.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.25583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1997.3858"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2012.02564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100975200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000358901"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01830.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.197038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520408112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/161527"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2013.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-011-0049-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23235"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Alcohol and other factors affecting osteoporosis risk in women","volume":"26","author":"Sampson HW","year":"2002","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411619-1.00007-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0903"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0529"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.071023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2014.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.16.2072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070417"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2000.tb01971.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1800247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516651823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.10.2033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.04.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370214532759"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000180300001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1593"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070438"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M058610"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facer.13284","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.13284","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T14:22:18Z","timestamp":1749824538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.13284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.13284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13284","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]]}}}