{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:16:28Z","timestamp":1790831788291,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]],"date-time":"2018-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006135","name":"ERAB: The European Foundation for Alcohol Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EA 1239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EA 1239"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modifying attentional processes with attentional bias modification (ABM) might be a relevant add\u2010on to treatment in addiction. This study investigated whether influencing cortical plasticity with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could increase training effects. tDCS could also help alcohol\u2010dependent patients to overcome craving and reduce relapse, independent of training. These approaches were combined to investigate effects in the treatment of alcoholism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010eight patients (analytical sample\u00a0=\u00a083) were randomly assigned to 4 groups in a 2\u2010by\u20102 factorial design. Patients received 4 sessions of ABM (control or real training) combined with 2\u00a0mA tDCS (active: 20\u00a0minutes or sham: 30\u00a0seconds) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Alcohol bias and craving were assessed, and treatment outcome was measured as relapse after 1\u00a0year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Attentional bias scores indicated that during the training only the group with active tDCS and real ABM displayed an overall avoidance bias (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). From pre\u2010 to postassessment, there were no main or interaction effects of tDCS and ABM on the bias scores, craving, or relapse (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.2). However, effects on relapse after active tDCS were in the expected direction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no evidence of a beneficial effect of tDCS or ABM or the combination. Whether the absence of effect was due to issues with the outcome measurements (e.g., lack of craving, high dropout, and unreliable measurements) or aspects of the intervention should be further investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T18:53:24Z","timestamp":1532026404000},"page":"1961-1969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["A Clinical Trial with Combined Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Attentional Bias Modification in Alcohol\u2010Dependent Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7717-3418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tess E.","family":"den Uyl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction, Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) Lab Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Brain &amp; Cognition (ABC) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Gladwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College Lane University of Chichester Chichester West Sussex UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Lindenmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Salus Klinik Lindow Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinout W.","family":"Wiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction, Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) Lab Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Brain &amp; Cognition (ABC) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"1993 Psychological Corporation San Antonio TX AT Beck RA Steer Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2015.1092418"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510802339072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2007.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Approaching avoidance","volume":"23","author":"Breiner M","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.10.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852914000091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.146761"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The efficiency of cognitive bias modification interventions for addictions: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"18","author":"Cristea IA","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"1983 Clinical Psychometric Research Towson MD LR Derogatis SCL\u201090\u2010R Administration Scoring & Procedures. Manual II"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2006.67.473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-140473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","unstructured":"1995 Hogrefe G\u00f6ttingen GH Franke SCL\u201090\u2010R Die Symptom\u2014Checkliste vonDerogatis\u2014Deutsche Version: Manual"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(03)00081-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","unstructured":"1994 Huber Bern G\u00f6ttingen Toronto Seattle M Hautzinger MHW Bailer F Keller Beck\u2010Depressions\u2010Inventar (BDI). Bearbeitung der deutschen Ausgabe. Testhandbuch"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-0935-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124182"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01368"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145714000984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32834fda4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation\u2014update 2011","volume":"29","author":"Nitsche MA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-164X.20.3.322"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Handbook of Implicit Social Cognition: Measurement, Theory, and Applications","author":"Perugini M","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12853"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.247171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","article-title":"Relapse prevention in abstinent alcoholics by cognitive bias modification, clinical effects of combining approach bias modification and attention bias modification","author":"Rinck M","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(93)90013-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2009.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-007-0050-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410386614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2012.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12463"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Electrophysiological and behavioral effects of combined transcranial direct current stimulation and alcohol approach bias retraining in hazardous drinkers","volume":"40","author":"Uyl TE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2017.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2018.79.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611400615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702612466547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Temporal dynamics of attentional bias","volume":"3","author":"Zvielli A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Facer.13841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.13841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T06:35:52Z","timestamp":1694932552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.13841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.13841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13841","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}