{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T18:36:15Z","timestamp":1785004575713,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31 AA025256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 AA025256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 AA014834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AA014834"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 AA014811"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 AA014811"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 AA014815"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 AA014815"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Youth with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure have high rates of behavioral concerns and psychopathology, including increased oppositional and conduct behaviors. The relation between those concerns and executive function (EF<\/jats:styled-content>) deficits is unknown. We investigated the association of oppositional and conduct behavior and EF<\/jats:styled-content> in adolescents to inform targeted intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Subjects (N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0267) ages 10 to 17\u00a0years comprised 3 groups: alcohol\u2010exposed with oppositional\/conduct behaviors (AE<\/jats:styled-content>+), alcohol\u2010exposed without oppositional\/conduct behaviors (AE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212), and controls (CON<\/jats:styled-content>). Group differences on direct neuropsychological (Delis\u2010Kaplan Executive Function System [D\u2010KEFS<\/jats:styled-content>]) and indirect parent\u2010report (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function [BRIEF<\/jats:styled-content>]) EF<\/jats:styled-content> measures were tested with multivariate analysis of covariances, followed by univariate analysis of variances and pairwise comparisons. The contribution of attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>) within the AE<\/jats:styled-content> groups was assessed in secondary analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>On the D\u2010KEFS<\/jats:styled-content>, there was an omnibus main effect of group, with significant main effects on 3 of 6 variables (CON<\/jats:styled-content>>AE<\/jats:styled-content>+, AE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212). Within the AE<\/jats:styled-content> groups, ADHD<\/jats:styled-content> did not alter the results. On the BRIEF<\/jats:styled-content>, there was an omnibus significant main effect of group, with significant main effects on all scales (CON<\/jats:styled-content><AE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212<AE<\/jats:styled-content>+). Within the AE<\/jats:styled-content> groups, the AE<\/jats:styled-content>+ group had higher BRIEF<\/jats:styled-content> scores (i.e., more difficulty) than the AE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2212 group on 4 of 8 subscales when accounting for presence of ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>EF deficits in youth with histories of prenatal alcohol exposure were confirmed using direct and indirect measures. Oppositional\/conduct behaviors related to EF<\/jats:styled-content> deficits on indirect but not direct EF<\/jats:styled-content> measures. Greater understanding of the contribution of concurrent psychopathology to long\u2010term outcomes for alcohol\u2010exposed youth requires further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T17:13:22Z","timestamp":1553534002000},"page":"1135-1144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Relation Between Oppositional\/Conduct Behaviors and Executive Function Among Youth with Histories of Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Lauren R.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioral Teratology and Department of Psychology San Diego State University San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Glass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Wozniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Kable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioral Teratology and Department of Psychology San Diego State University San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3399-6644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire D.","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Sowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth Lyons","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics San Diego School of Medicine University of California San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8499-9605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Mattson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Behavioral Teratology and Department of Psychology San Diego State University San Diego California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the CIFASD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617715000752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2010.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670903001927"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.1667"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2003.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-1089-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005176320912"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S1532694204Connor"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2010.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"2001 The Psychological Corporation Texas DC Delis E Kaplan JH Kramer The Delis\u2010Kaplan Executive Function System: Examiner's Manual"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1204529"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1380"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.11.1296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-015-0054-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"2007 Harcourt Assessment Texas CD Elliott Differential Ability Scales \u2013 Second Edition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnp.12049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.4.629"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.6.3.235.3152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2011.02454.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199201)48:1<120::AID-JCLP2270480117>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2006.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0022-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2202_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2012.01366.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199011)46:6<696::AID-JCLP2270460602>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579412000272"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9167-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2009.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3319"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.21896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617714000599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-0972-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.2011.00252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.10.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854041003749342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054714563792"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2012.658768"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9166-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054713510349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297040600611338"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00430-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200001000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2013.838213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03657.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2012.727791"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2011.01718.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01953.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.02.006"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.14036","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/acer.14036","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/acer.14036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T17:22:08Z","timestamp":1694366528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/acer.14036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/acer.14036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.14036","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}