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Screening for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2*2<\/jats:italic> allele may identify high\u2010risk individuals for alcohol health education. Although genotyping of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic> is the most accurate way to identify <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2 deficiency, it may not be practical due to the cost and requirement for genotyping service.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study evaluated the accuracy of the alcohol flushing questionnaire to identify <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2 deficiency in a case\u2013control study of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNC<\/jats:styled-content> conducted in Taiwan using data collected from 904 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNC<\/jats:styled-content> and 1,078 controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, alcohol flushing questionnaire had a high sensitivity (89%) of identifying <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2*2<\/jats:italic> carriers among the control subjects and a good sensitivity (79%) among the patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNC<\/jats:styled-content>. The sensitivity of the alcohol flushing questionnaire in identifying <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2*2<\/jats:italic> carriers was affected by alcohol use, with a lower sensitivity among individuals who consumed alcohol, particularly among current regular (drinking alcohol once per week or more) alcohol drinkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current validation study showed that the alcohol flushing questionnaire may be a reasonable method to identify <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010deficient individuals. However, current regular users of alcohol who reported no alcohol flushing may need to undergo genotyping of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:italic> for a more accurate assessment of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>2 status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.14049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T14:49:10Z","timestamp":1555080550000},"page":"1225-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Validation of Alcohol Flushing Questionnaire to Identify <scp>ALDH<\/scp>2 Status in a Case\u2013Control Study of Head and Neck Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jenn\u2010Ren","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine 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